---
title: circumnavigation — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «circumnavigation» in the school dictionary: A journey all the way around something, especially around the world by sea or air. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# circumnavigation

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**Who acts:** first circumnavigation, Francis, solo circumnavigation, Her, circumnavigation, sailors · **What happens:** take, circumnavigate, complete, survive · **To what, where:** globe, circumnavigation, 1580, island, 18

<!-- .vabout -->
«circumnavigation» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 5 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [circumnavigation in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/circumnavigation.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A journey all the way around something, especially around the world by sea or air.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:circumnavigation:m1:1
# text = A journey all the way around something, especially around the world by sea or air.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	journey	journey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	5	det:predet	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	around	around	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
10	around	around	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
13	by	by	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The first circumnavigation of the globe took three years.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:circumnavigation:x1:1
# text = The first circumnavigation of the globe took three years.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	3	amod	_	_
3	circumnavigation	circumnavigation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	globe	globe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | the first circumnavigation of the globe |  |  |  | year |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **circumnavigate** |  |  | the globe |  |  |  |  | nom circumnavigation «act transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Francis Drake completed a circumnavigation in 1580.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:circumnavigation:x2:1
# text = Francis Drake completed a circumnavigation in 1580.
1	Francis	Francis	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	Drake	Drake	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	completed	complete	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	circumnavigation	circumnavigation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	1580	1580	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **complete** | past | Francis | a circumnavigation |  | 1580 |  |  | vn complete-55.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent circumnavigation=Eventuality |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her solo circumnavigation took 72 days.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:circumnavigation:x3:1
# text = Her solo circumnavigation took 72 days.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	solo	solo	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	circumnavigation	circumnavigation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	72	72	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | Her solo circumnavigation |  |  |  | day |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **circumnavigate** |  | Her *= she* |  |  |  |  |  | nom circumnavigation «act transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A circumnavigation of the island takes a day by boat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:circumnavigation:x4:1
# text = A circumnavigation of the island takes a day by boat.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	circumnavigation	circumnavigation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	island	island	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	takes	take	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | present | a circumnavigation of the island |  |  |  | day | by boat | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **circumnavigate** |  |  | the island |  |  |  |  | nom circumnavigation «act transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Only 18 of Magellan's sailors survived the circumnavigation.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:circumnavigation:x5:1
# text = Only 18 of Magellan's sailors survived the circumnavigation.
1	Only	only	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	18	18	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	obl	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	Magellan	Magellan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	sailors	sailor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	survived	survive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	circumnavigation	circumnavigation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **survive** | past | Magellan's sailors | 18 |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme circumnavigation=Circumstance |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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