---
title: civilly — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «civilly» in the school dictionary: In a polite, respectful way; to speak civilly is to be well-mannered, even when cross or when in charge. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# civilly

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**Who acts:** he, Ogre, you · **What happens:** speak, be, say, receive, make, sit down · **To what, where:** polite respectful way, charge, me, him, Ogre · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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«civilly» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [civilly in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/civilly.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In a polite, respectful way; to speak civilly is to be well-mannered, even when cross or when in charge.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:civilly:m1:1
# text = In a polite, respectful way; to speak civilly is to be well-mannered, even when cross or when in charge.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
3	polite	polite	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	respectful	respectful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	speak	speak	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	acl	_	_
10	civilly	civilly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
13	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	cop	_	_
14	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	16	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	mannered	mannered	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	even	even	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
19	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	20	advmod	_	_
20	cross	cross	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	conj	_	_
21	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	20	conj	_	_
23	in	in	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	charge	charge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | civilly *property* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  | a polite respectful way |  | mannered, well *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** |  |  |  |  | charge |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Speak to me more civilly,» he said.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:civilly:x1:1
# text = «Speak to me more civilly,» he said.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Speak	speak	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	ccomp	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	obl	_	_
5	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	6	advmod	_	_
6	civilly	civilly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
9	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  | me |  |  | civilly *property* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to i=Co-Agent |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | he |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Ogre received him civilly and made him sit down.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:civilly:x2:1
# text = The Ogre received him civilly and made him sit down.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Ogre	Ogre	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	received	receive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	civilly	civilly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	sit	sit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
10	down	down	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **receive** | past | the Ogre | him *= he* |  |  |  | civilly *property* | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
| 2 | **make** | past | the Ogre *not said here* | Ogre |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **sit down** | infinitive | Ogre *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Please answer me civilly, not rudely.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:civilly:x3:1
# text = Please answer me civilly, not rudely.
1	Please	please	INTJ	UH	_	2	discourse	_	_
2	answer	answer	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
3	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	civilly	civilly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	rudely	rudely	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **answer** *speech: assert* | imperative | you *not said here* |  | me |  |  | civilly, rudely *property* | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent i=Eventuality |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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