---
title: cl — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «cl» in the school dictionary: Cl is a short way to write centilitre, a small unit for measuring liquid. A litre is 100 centilitres. A centilitre is 10 millilitres. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# cl

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Cl, litre, centilitre, glass, bottle, many cl cups · **What happens:** be, write, hold, have, fill, need · **To what, where:** short way, centilitre, 100 centilitres, 10 millilitres, chemical symbol, 25 cl

<!-- .vabout -->
«cl» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [cl in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/cl.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cl is a short way to write centilitre, a small unit for measuring liquid. A litre is 100 centilitres. A centilitre is 10 millilitres.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Cl is a short way to write centilitre, a small unit for measuring liquid.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cl:m1:1
# text = Cl is a short way to write centilitre, a small unit for measuring liquid.
1	Cl	cl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	write	write	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl	_	_
8	centilitre	centilitre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	unit	unit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	_
13	for	for	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	measuring	measuring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	liquid	liquid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Cl | a short way |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **write** | to-infinitive |  | centilitre |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent centilitre=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* A litre is 100 centilitres.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cl:m1:2
# text = A litre is 100 centilitres.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	litre	litre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	100	100	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	centilitres	centilitre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a litre | 100 centilitres |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* A centilitre is 10 millilitres.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cl:m1:3
# text = A centilitre is 10 millilitres.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	centilitre	centilitre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	millilitres	millilitre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a centilitre | 10 millilitres |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cl (with a capital C and small l) is the chemical symbol for chlorine.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cl:m2:1
# text = Cl (with a capital C and small l) is the chemical symbol for chlorine.
1	Cl	cl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
2	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	capital	capital	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	_
6	C	C	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	l	l	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	5	punct	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	chemical	chemical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	symbol	symbol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
15	for	for	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	chlorine	chlorine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Cl | the chemical symbol |  |  |  | for chlorine | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A glass holds 25 cl of juice.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cl:x1:1
# text = A glass holds 25 cl of juice.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	glass	glass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	holds	hold	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	25	25	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	cl	cl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	juice	juice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | present | a glass | 25 cl of juice |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cl=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bottle has 75 cl.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cl:x2:1
# text = The bottle has 75 cl.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bottle	bottle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	75	75	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	cl	cl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the bottle | 75 cl |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cl=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How many 20 cl cups fill a 1 litre jug?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cl:x3:1
# text = How many 20 cl cups fill a 1 litre jug?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
3	20	20	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	cl	cl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	cups	cup	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	fill	fill	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	1	1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	litre	litre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	jug	jug	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fill** | present | many cl cups | a litre jug |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent jug=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
100 cl = 1 litre.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cl:x4:1
# text = 100 cl = 1 litre.
1	100	100	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	cl	cl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	=	=	SYM	SYM	_	5	punct	_	_
4	1	1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	litre	litre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A can of lemonade holds 33 cl.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cl:x5:1
# text = A can of lemonade holds 33 cl.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	lemonade	lemonade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	holds	hold	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	33	33	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	cl	cl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | present | a lemonade | 33 cl |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cl=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The recipe needs 20 cl of milk.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cl:x6:1
# text = The recipe needs 20 cl of milk.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	recipe	recipe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	needs	need	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	20	20	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	cl	cl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | the recipe | 20 cl of milk |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot cl=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
50 cl is half a litre.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cl:x7:1
# text = 50 cl is half a litre.
1	50	50	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	cl	cl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	half	half	DET	PDT	NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac|PronType=Ind	6	det:predet	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	litre	litre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | 50 cl | half litre |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Write 3 litres in cl.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cl:x8:1
# text = Write 3 litres in cl.
1	Write	write	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	litres	litre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	cl	cl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | imperative | you *not said here* | 3 litres |  | cl |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent litre=Theme in cl=Destination |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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