---
title: clang — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «clang» in the school dictionary: To make a loud, ringing sound like metal being hit. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# clang

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** fire bell, pan, hammer, We, same time · **What happens:** make, ring, hit, drop, shut, clang · **To what, where:** loud ringing sound, clanger, iron gate, kitchen floor, anvil, bin lid

<!-- .vabout -->
«clang» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [clang in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/clang.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To make a loud, ringing sound like metal being hit.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:clang:m1:1
# text = To make a loud, ringing sound like metal being hit.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	make	make	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
4	loud	loud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	ringing	ring	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	amod	_	_
7	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
8	like	like	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
10	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	hit	hit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | a loud ringing sound |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sound=Product |
| 2 | **ring** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **hit** | gerund · passive |  | a loud ringing sound *not said here* |  |  |  | like metal | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V» |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The loud metal sound itself.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:clang:m2:1
# text = The loud metal sound itself.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	loud	loud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	itself	itself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Emp|Reflex=Yes	4	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In «clanger» (UK, informal): a silly, obvious mistake («drop a clanger»).

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:clang:m3:1
# text = In «clanger» (UK, informal): a silly, obvious mistake («drop a clanger»).
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	clanger	clanger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
5	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	UK	UK	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	informal	informal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
12	silly	silly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
14	obvious	obvious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	mistake	mistake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
16	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	drop	drop	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	15	parataxis	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	clanger	clanger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drop** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | a clanger |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent clanger=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The iron gate clanged shut behind us.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:clang:x1:1
# text = The iron gate clanged shut behind us.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	iron	iron	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	gate	gate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	clanged	clang	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	shut	shut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	behind	behind	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shut** | past · passive |  | the iron gate |  |  |  | behind us | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The fire bell clanged loudly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:clang:x2:1
# text = The fire bell clanged loudly.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	bell	bell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	clanged	clang	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	loudly	loudly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **clang** | past | the fire bell |  |  |  |  | loudly *property* | vn bump-18.4-1 «NP V together»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A pan fell with a clang on the kitchen floor.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:clang:x3:1
# text = A pan fell with a clang on the kitchen floor.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pan	pan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	clang	clang	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	kitchen	kitchen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	floor	floor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall** | past | a pan |  |  | the kitchen floor |  | with a clang | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on floor=Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The blacksmith's hammer clanged on the anvil.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:clang:x4:1
# text = The blacksmith's hammer clanged on the anvil.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	blacksmith	blacksmith	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	hammer	hammer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	clanged	clang	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	anvil	anvil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **clang** | past | the blacksmith's hammer |  |  | the anvil |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on anvil=Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bin lid clanged in the wind.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:clang:x5:1
# text = The bin lid clanged in the wind.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	bin	bin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	lid	lid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	clanged	clang	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **clang** | participle |  | the bin lid *not said here* |  | the wind |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in wind=Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We heard the clang of the school bell.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:clang:x6:1
# text = We heard the clang of the school bell.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	clang	clang	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	bell	bell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | past | We | the clang of the school bell |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer clang=Stimulus |
| 2 | **clang** |  |  | the school bell |  |  |  |  | nom clang «event transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
About the same time sounded the clang of the warriors' trumpets across the heath.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:clang:x7:1
# text = About the same time sounded the clang of the warriors' trumpets across the heath.
1	About	about	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	sounded	sound	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	clang	clang	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	warriors	warrior	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	'	's	PART	POS	_	10	case	_	_
12	trumpets	trumpet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
13	across	across	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	heath	heath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sound** | past | the same time | the clang of the warriors's trumpets across the heath |  |  |  | about *property* | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location clang=Theme |
| 2 | **clang** |  |  | the warriors's trumpets across the heath |  |  |  |  | nom clang «event transitive»: of=patient |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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