---
title: clergy — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «clergy» in the school dictionary: The priests, ministers, vicars, rabbis, imams and other religious leaders of a religion, as a group. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# clergy

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Members, clergy, vicar, single priest · **What happens:** be, look, lead, read, write, visit · **To what, where:** service, cathedral, Middle Ages, hospital, member, clergyman

<!-- .vabout -->
«clergy» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [clergy in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/clergy.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The priests, ministers, vicars, rabbis, imams and other religious leaders of a religion, as a group.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:clergy:m1:1
# text = The priests, ministers, vicars, rabbis, imams and other religious leaders of a religion, as a group.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	priests	priest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	ministers	minister	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	vicars	vicar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	rabbis	rabbi	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	imams	imam	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
12	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
13	religious	religious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	leaders	leader	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	religion	religion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	as	as	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Members of the clergy: people whose job is to lead worship and look after a religious community.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:clergy:m2:1
# text = Members of the clergy: people whose job is to lead worship and look after a religious community.
1	Members	member	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	clergy	clergy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
6	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
7	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	job	job	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	lead	lead	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	worship	worship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	look	look	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
15	after	after	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	religious	religious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	community	community	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Members of the clergy |  |  |  |  | people *obl*; lead *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **look** | infinitive | Members of the clergy *not said here* |  |  |  | after a religious community |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The clergy led the service at the cathedral.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:clergy:x1:1
# text = The clergy led the service at the cathedral.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	clergy	clergy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	led	lead	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	service	service	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	cathedral	cathedral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lead** | past | the clergy | the service |  | the cathedral |  |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent service=Theme at cathedral=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the Middle Ages the clergy could often read and write when most people could not.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:clergy:x2:1
# text = In the Middle Ages the clergy could often read and write when most people could not.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	Middle	Middle	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	flat	_	_
4	Ages	Age	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	clergy	clergy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
7	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	often	often	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	read	read	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	write	write	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	conj	_	_
12	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	15	mark	_	_
13	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	14	amod	_	_
14	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj	_	_
15	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	advcl	_	_
16	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	15	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **read** | could | the clergy |  |  |  | in the Middle Ages | often *property* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **write** | infinitive | the clergy *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Members of the clergy visited the hospital.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:clergy:x3:1
# text = Members of the clergy visited the hospital.
1	Members	member	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	clergy	clergy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
5	visited	visit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	hospital	hospital	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **visit** | past | Members of the clergy | the hospital |  |  |  |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hospital=Co-Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The vicar is a member of the clergy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:clergy:x4:1
# text = The vicar is a member of the clergy.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	vicar	vicar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	member	member	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	clergy	clergy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the vicar | a member |  |  |  | of the clergy | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The clergy of several faiths met to talk about peace.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:clergy:x5:1
# text = The clergy of several faiths met to talk about peace.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	clergy	clergy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	several	several	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	faiths	faith	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
6	met	meet	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	talk	talk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	about	about	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	peace	peace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **meet** | past | the clergy of several faiths |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **talk** | to-infinitive | the clergy of several faiths *not said here* |  |  |  |  | about peace | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about peace=Topic |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A single priest is a clergyman or clergywoman.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:clergy:x6:1
# text = A single priest is a clergyman or clergywoman.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	single	single	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	priest	priest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	clergyman	clergyman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	clergywoman	clergywoman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a single priest | a clergyman or clergywoman |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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