---
title: climate — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «climate» in the school dictionary: The climate of a place is its usual weather over many years, such as hot and dry or cold and wet. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# climate

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** climate, place, Climate change, gases, Earth, group · **What happens:** be, acclimate, mean, change, get, release · **To what, where:** usual weather, general mood, mild wet climate, cold climate, ice, poles · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«climate» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [climate in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/climate.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The climate of a place is its usual weather over many years, such as hot and dry or cold and wet.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:climate:m1:1
# text = The climate of a place is its usual weather over many years, such as hot and dry or cold and wet.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	climate	climate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	usual	usual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	over	over	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	16	case	_	_
15	as	as	ADP	IN	_	14	fixed	_	_
16	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	advcl	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	dry	dry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	conj	_	_
19	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	conj	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	wet	wet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the climate of a place | climate's usual weather |  |  | year |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **acclimate** |  | a place |  |  |  |  |  | nom climate «state intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Climate change means the Earth's climate is slowly changing, mostly getting warmer, largely because of gases people release by burning fuel.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:climate:m2:1
# text = Climate change means the Earth's climate is slowly changing, mostly getting warmer, largely because of gases people release by burning fuel.
1	Climate	climate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	change	change	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	climate	climate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
9	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	changing	change	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	mostly	mostly	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	getting	get	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	conj	_	_
14	warmer	warm	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	13	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
16	largely	largely	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
17	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	fixed	_	_
19	gases	gas	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nsubj	_	_
20	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nsubj	_	_
21	release	release	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
22	by	by	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	burning	burn	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	24	amod	_	_
24	fuel	fuel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Climate change |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **change** | present · progressive | the Earth's climate |  |  |  |  | slowly *property* | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **get** | gerund | the Earth's climate *not said here* |  |  |  |  | mostly, warm *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **release** | present | gases |  |  |  |  | by burning fuel; largely *property* | vn free-10.6.3-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Causer |
| 5 | **burn** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **acclimate** |  | the Earth |  |  |  |  |  | nom climate «state intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The climate of a group is its general mood: a friendly climate in class.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:climate:m3:1
# text = The climate of a group is its general mood: a friendly climate in class.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	climate	climate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	general	general	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	mood	mood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	friendly	friendly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	climate	climate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	appos	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the climate of a group | climate's general mood |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **acclimate** |  | a group |  |  |  |  |  | nom climate «state intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The climate in the desert is hot and dry.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:climate:x1:1
# text = The climate in the desert is hot and dry.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	climate	climate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	desert	desert	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	dry	dry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the climate in the desert |  |  |  |  | hot *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | the climate in the desert *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ireland has a mild, wet climate.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:climate:x2:1
# text = Ireland has a mild, wet climate.
1	Ireland	Ireland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
4	mild	mild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	wet	wet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	climate	climate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Ireland | a mild wet climate |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent climate=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Polar bears live in a very cold climate.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:climate:x3:1
# text = Polar bears live in a very cold climate.
1	Polar	polar	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	bears	bear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	very	very	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	climate	climate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | present | Polar bears |  |  | a cold climate |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in climate=Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Climate change is melting the ice at the poles.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:climate:x4:1
# text = Climate change is melting the ice at the poles.
1	Climate	climate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	change	change	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	melting	melt	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	poles	pole	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **melt** | present · progressive | Climate change | the ice |  | the poles |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient ice=Result |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bananas grow in a tropical climate.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:climate:x5:1
# text = Bananas grow in a tropical climate.
1	Bananas	banana	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	grow	grow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	tropical	tropical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	climate	climate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | present | Bananas |  |  | a tropical climate |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in climate=Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Weather changes every day, but climate changes slowly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:climate:x6:1
# text = Weather changes every day, but climate changes slowly.
1	Weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	changes	change	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	det	_	_
4	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	climate	climate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	changes	change	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
9	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | present | Weather |  |  |  | day |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **change** | present | climate |  |  |  |  | slowly *property* | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Canada has a cold climate in the north.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:climate:x7:1
# text = Canada has a cold climate in the north.
1	Canada	Canada	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	climate	climate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	north	north	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Canada | a cold climate |  | the north |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent climate=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There was a happy climate in our classroom.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:climate:x8:1
# text = There was a happy climate in our classroom.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	happy	happy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	climate	climate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	classroom	classroom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | a happy climate in our classroom |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The climate in the north of Europe is really dreadful.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:climate:x9:1
# text = The climate in the north of Europe is really dreadful.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	climate	climate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	north	north	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Europe	Europe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	really	really	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	dreadful	dreadful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the climate in the north of Europe |  |  |  |  | dreadful *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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