---
title: closure — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «closure» in the school dictionary: The closing of a place or business, for a time or for ever (the closure of the road). Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# closure

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** road, you, road closure, Snow, schools, factory closure · **What happens:** close, end, move on, make, cause, mean · **To what, where:** place, something, thing, us, closure, jobs · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«closure» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [closure in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/closure.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The closing of a place or business, for a time or for ever (the closure of the road).

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:closure:m1:1
# text = The closing of a place or business, for a time or for ever (the closure of the road).
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	closing	closing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	business	business	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	for	for	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	11	conj	_	_
15	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	closure	closure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	appos	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **close** |  |  | a place or business |  |  |  |  | nom closing «act transitive»: of=patient |
| 2 | **close** |  | the road |  |  |  |  |  | nom closure «act intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A feeling that something sad or upsetting has ended and you can move on.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:closure:m2:1
# text = A feeling that something sad or upsetting has ended and you can move on.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	feeling	feeling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
4	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	upsetting	upsetting	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
8	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	ended	end	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	parataxis	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
12	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	move	move	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	conj	_	_
14	on	on	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **end** | present · perfect · passive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: subject=Eventuality |
| 2 | **move on** | can | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Something that closes a thing, like a lid or zip (formal).

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:closure:m3:1
# text = Something that closes a thing, like a lid or zip (formal).
1	Something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	0	root	_	_
2	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
3	closes	close	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	acl:relcl	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	like	like	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	lid	lid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	zip	zip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
12	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	formal	formal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **close** | present |  | a thing |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The road closure made us late.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:closure:x1:1
# text = The road closure made us late.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	closure	closure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	late	late	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | the road closure | us |  |  |  | late *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset we=Product |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Snow caused the closure of all the schools.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:closure:x2:1
# text = Snow caused the closure of all the schools.
1	Snow	snow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	caused	cause	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	closure	closure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	8	det:predet	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	schools	school	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | past | Snow | the closure of all schools |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition closure=Patient |
| 2 | **close** |  | all schools |  |  |  |  |  | nom closure «act intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The factory closure meant many people lost their jobs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:closure:x3:1
# text = The factory closure meant many people lost their jobs.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	factory	factory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	closure	closure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	meant	mean	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	lost	lose	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	ccomp	_	_
8	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	jobs	job	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | past | the factory closure |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **lose** | past | many people | people's jobs |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent job=Eventuality |
| 3 | **job** |  | people |  |  |  |  |  | nom job «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Saying goodbye gave her closure.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:closure:x4:1
# text = Saying goodbye gave her closure.
1	Saying	say	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	amod	_	_
2	goodbye	goodbye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	closure	closure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **give** | past | Saying goodbye | goodbye's closure |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent closure=Theme |
| 3 | **close** |  | goodbye |  |  |  |  |  | nom closure «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Check the bottle's closure is tight.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:closure:x5:1
# text = Check the bottle's closure is tight.
1	Check	check	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	bottle	bottle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	's	's	PART	POS	_	3	case	_	_
5	closure	closure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	tight	tight	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **check** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | the bottle's closure |  |  |  |  | tight *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **close** |  | the bottle |  |  |  |  |  | nom closure «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There will be a bridge closure all weekend.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:closure:x6:1
# text = There will be a bridge closure all weekend.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	3	expl	_	_
2	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	be	be	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	bridge	bridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	closure	closure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
7	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	weekend	weekend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | future | a bridge closure |  |  | there | weekend |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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