---
title: cloth — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «cloth» in the school dictionary: Cloth is material made by weaving or knitting threads, used for clothes, towels and curtains. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# cloth

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** cloth, She, dress, you, Mum, Wool cloth · **What happens:** be, make, weave, knit, use, cover · **To what, where:** Cloth material, threads, piece, material, dishcloth, 5 meters

<!-- .vabout -->
«cloth» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [cloth in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/cloth.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cloth is material made by weaving or knitting threads, used for clothes, towels and curtains.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cloth:m1:1
# text = Cloth is material made by weaving or knitting threads, used for clothes, towels and curtains.
1	Cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	material	material	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	weaving	weave	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	knitting	knit	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	conj	_	_
9	threads	thread	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	clothes	clothes	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	towels	towel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	curtains	curtain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | Cloth material |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  | Cloth material *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 3 | **weave** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **knit** | gerund |  | threads |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thread=Product |
| 5 | **use** | participle |  | threads *not said here* |  |  |  | for clothes and towels and curtains | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A cloth is a piece of material used for cleaning or covering, like a dishcloth or a tablecloth.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cloth:m2:1
# text = A cloth is a piece of material used for cleaning or covering, like a dishcloth or a tablecloth.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	material	material	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	cleaning	cleaning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	covering	cover	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	like	like	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	dishcloth	dishcloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
17	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	tablecloth	tablecloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a cloth | a piece |  |  |  | of material | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | participle |  | material *not said here* |  |  |  | for cleaning | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **cover** | gerund |  | a dishcloth or a tablecloth |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme dishcloth=Destination |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She bought 5 meters of cloth.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cloth:x1:1
# text = She bought 5 meters of cloth.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	bought	buy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	meters	meter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buy** | past | She | 5 meters of cloth |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent meter=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each dress needs 2 meters of cloth.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cloth:x2:1
# text = Each dress needs 2 meters of cloth.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	dress	dress	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	needs	need	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	meters	meter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | each dress | 2 meters of cloth |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot meter=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cloth costs 4 dollars a yard.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cloth:x3:1
# text = Cloth costs 4 dollars a yard.
1	Cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	costs	cost	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	dollars	dollar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	yard	yard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cost** | present | Cloth | 4 dollars |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Theme dollar=Beneficiary yard=Value |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cut the cloth into 3 equal pieces.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cloth:x4:1
# text = Cut the cloth into 3 equal pieces.
1	Cut	cut	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
6	equal	equal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	pieces	piece	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cut** | imperative | you *not said here* | the cloth |  | 3 equal pieces |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent cloth=Material into piece=Product |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wipe the table with a damp cloth.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cloth:x5:1
# text = Wipe the table with a damp cloth.
1	Wipe	wipe	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	damp	damp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wipe** | imperative | you *not said here* | the table |  |  |  | with a damp cloth | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent table=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum put a clean cloth on the table.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cloth:x6:1
# text = Mum put a clean cloth on the table.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	clean	clean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | past | Mum | a clean cloth |  | the table |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent cloth=Theme on table=Destination |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wool cloth keeps you warm.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cloth:x7:1
# text = Wool cloth keeps you warm.
1	Wool	wool	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present | Wool cloth | you |  |  |  | warm *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The flag is made of cloth.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cloth:x8:1
# text = The flag is made of cloth.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	flag	flag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive |  | the flag |  |  |  | of cloth | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
'What cloth is that?' asked he.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cloth:x9:1
# text = 'What cloth is that?' asked he.
1	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	8	obj	_	_
3	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	cop	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
8	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	iobj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | cloth |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past |  |  | he |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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