---
title: cluck — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «cluck» in the school dictionary: When a hen clucks, she makes her short, low, repeated sound. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# cluck

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** hen, That, Mum, You, hens, We · **What happens:** cluck, make, repeat, sound, click, show · **To what, where:** short low repeated sound, clicking sound, you, tongue, someone, baby · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«cluck» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [cluck in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/cluck.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
When a hen clucks, she makes her short, low, repeated sound.

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cluck:m1:1
# text = When a hen clucks, she makes her short, low, repeated sound.
1	When	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	4	mark	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	hen	hen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	clucks	cluck	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
9	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
11	low	low	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
13	repeated	repeat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	amod	_	_
14	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cluck** | present | a hen |  |  |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **make** | present | hen | hen's short low repeated sound |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sound=Product |
| 3 | **repeat** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
That sound a hen makes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cluck:m2:1
# text = That sound a hen makes.
1	That	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sound	sound	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	hen	hen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sound** | present | That |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | present | a hen |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To make a clicking sound with your tongue to show you disapprove, are sorry or are worried: «Mum clucked her tongue».

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cluck:m3:1
# text = To make a clicking sound with your tongue to show you disapprove, are sorry or are worried: «Mum clucked her tongue».
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	make	make	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	clicking	click	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	tongue	tongue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	show	show	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
11	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	10	iobj	_	_
12	disapprove	disapprove	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
15	sorry	sorry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	ccomp	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
18	worried	worried	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
20	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nsubj	_	_
22	clucked	cluck	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	parataxis	_	_
23	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	tongue	tongue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | a clicking sound |  |  |  | with your tongue | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sound=Product |
| 2 | **click** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **show** | to-infinitive |  |  | you |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent you=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 4 | **disapprove** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | sorry *property* | tree rules |
| 6 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | worried *property* | tree rules |
| 7 | **cluck** *in a quote* | past | Mum | Mum's tongue |  |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent tongue=Theme |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To fuss over someone in a worried, caring way, like a mother hen: «cluck over the baby».

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cluck:m4:1
# text = To fuss over someone in a worried, caring way, like a mother hen: «cluck over the baby».
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	fuss	fuss	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	over	over	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obl	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
7	worried	worried	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	caring	care	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	amod	_	_
10	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	like	like	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	hen	hen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
17	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	cluck	cluck	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	15	parataxis	_	_
19	over	over	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fuss** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | someone |  | in a worried caring way | tree rules |
| 2 | **care** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn care-88.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **cluck** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  | the baby |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: noun, slang, US, old — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A silly or stupid person: «You dumb cluck!».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cluck:m5:1
# text = A silly or stupid person: «You dumb cluck!».
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	silly	silly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	stupid	stupid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	dumb	dumb	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	cluck	cluck	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cluck** *in a quote* |  | You | a silly person *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent person=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The hens clucked happily in the farmyard.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cluck:x1:1
# text = The hens clucked happily in the farmyard.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hens	hen	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	clucked	cluck	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	happily	happily	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	farmyard	farmyard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cluck** | past | the hens |  |  | the farmyard |  | happily *property* | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We heard a cluck from inside the henhouse.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cluck:x2:1
# text = We heard a cluck from inside the henhouse.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	cluck	cluck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	inside	inside	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	henhouse	henhouse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | past | We | a cluck |  | the henhouse |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent cluck=Topic from henhouse=Source |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Gran clucked her tongue when she saw my muddy shoes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cluck:x3:1
# text = Gran clucked her tongue when she saw my muddy shoes.
1	Gran	Gran	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	clucked	cluck	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	tongue	tongue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
6	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
8	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
9	muddy	muddy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	shoes	shoe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cluck** | past | Gran | Gran's tongue |  |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent tongue=Theme |
| 2 | **see** | past | Gran | my muddy shoes |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer shoe=Stimulus |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The aunties clucked over the new baby all afternoon.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cluck:x4:1
# text = The aunties clucked over the new baby all afternoon.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	aunties	auntie	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	clucked	cluck	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	over	over	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	det	_	_
9	afternoon	afternoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cluck** | past | the aunties |  |  | the new baby | afternoon |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cluck, cluck, went the chicken as it pecked the corn.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cluck:x5:1
# text = Cluck, cluck, went the chicken as it pecked the corn.
1	Cluck	cluck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	cluck	cluck	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
5	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	chicken	chicken	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	pecked	peck	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	corn	corn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cluck** | infinitive | Cluck *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **go** | past | Cluck | the chicken |  |  |  |  | vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location chicken=Theme |
| 3 | **peck** | past | Cluck | the corn |  |  |  |  | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent corn=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The teacher clucked sympathetically when I told her about my lost dog.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cluck:x6:1
# text = The teacher clucked sympathetically when I told her about my lost dog.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	clucked	cluck	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	sympathetically	sympathetically	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
6	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
8	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	iobj	_	_
9	about	about	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
11	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	amod	_	_
12	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cluck** | past | the teacher |  |  |  |  | sympathetically *property* | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | I |  | teacher |  |  | about my lost dog | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent she=Recipient about dog=Topic |
| 3 | **lose** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the old cartoon, the sailor called his friend a dumb cluck.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cluck:x7:1
# text = In the old cartoon, the sailor called his friend a dumb cluck.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	sailor	sailor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	called	call	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	dumb	dumb	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	cluck	cluck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | past | the sailor |  | sailor's friend | the old cartoon |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent friend=Recipient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“No, no!” clucked the elder bird.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cluck:x8:1
# text = “No, no!” clucked the elder bird.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	7	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	no	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	2	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
7	clucked	cluck	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	elder	elder	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cluck** | past |  | the elder bird |  |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent bird=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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