---
title: cluster — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «cluster» in the school dictionary: A cluster is a group of similar things close together, like a cluster of grapes or stars. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# cluster

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** cluster, similar things, consonant cluster, Pleiades, Children, dots · **What happens:** be, close, cluster, mean, gather, stay · **To what, where:** group, cluster, vine, famous star cluster, desk, consonant cluster · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«cluster» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [cluster in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/cluster.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A cluster is a group of similar things close together, like a cluster of grapes or stars.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cluster:m1:1
# text = A cluster is a group of similar things close together, like a cluster of grapes or stars.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cluster	cluster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	similar	similar	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
9	close	close	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	_
10	together	together	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	like	like	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	cluster	cluster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	grapes	grape	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	_
17	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	stars	star	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a cluster | a group |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **close** | present | similar things |  |  |  |  | like a cluster of grapes or stars; together *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To cluster means to gather or stay close together in a group.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cluster:m2:1
# text = To cluster means to gather or stay close together in a group.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	cluster	cluster	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	csubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	gather	gather	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	stay	stay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
8	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	_
9	together	together	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cluster** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **gather** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **stay** | infinitive |  |  |  | a group |  | close, together *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in group=Location |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: language — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A consonant cluster is a group of consonant letters together in a word, like «str» in «string».

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cluster:m3:1
# text = A consonant cluster is a group of consonant letters together in a word, like «str» in «string».
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	consonant	consonant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	cluster	cluster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	consonant	consonant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
10	together	together	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	like	like	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	str	str	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	string	string	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a consonant cluster | a group |  |  |  | of consonant letters | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A cluster of grapes hung from the vine.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cluster:x1:1
# text = A cluster of grapes hung from the vine.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cluster	cluster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	grapes	grape	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	hung	hang	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	vine	vine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hang** | participle · passive |  | a cluster of grapes |  | the vine |  |  | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Pleiades is a famous star cluster.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cluster:x2:1
# text = The Pleiades is a famous star cluster.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Pleiades	Pleiade	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	famous	famous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	star	star	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	cluster	cluster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the Pleiades | a famous star cluster |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Children clustered around the teacher's desk.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cluster:x3:1
# text = Children clustered around the teacher's desk.
1	Children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	clustered	cluster	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	around	around	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	desk	desk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cluster** | past | Children |  |  | the teacher's desk |  |  | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dots on the graph form a cluster.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cluster:x4:1
# text = The dots on the graph form a cluster.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dots	dot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	graph	graph	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	form	form	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	cluster	cluster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **form** | present | the dots on the graph | a cluster |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location cluster=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Spl» in «splash» is a consonant cluster.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cluster:x5:1
# text = «Spl» in «splash» is a consonant cluster.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Spl	Spl	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	splash	splash	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	consonant	consonant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	cluster	cluster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Spl in splash | a consonant cluster |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mushrooms grew in clusters on the log.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cluster:x6:1
# text = Mushrooms grew in clusters on the log.
1	Mushrooms	mushroom	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	clusters	cluster	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	log	log	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | past | Mushrooms |  |  | clusters |  | on the log | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in cluster=Location |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A FAMISHED FOX saw some clusters of ripe black grapes hanging from a trellised vine.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cluster:x7:1
# text = A FAMISHED FOX saw some clusters of ripe black grapes hanging from a trellised vine.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	FAMISHED	famish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	amod	_	_
3	FOX	fox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	6	det	_	_
6	clusters	cluster	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	ripe	ripe	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	grapes	grape	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
11	hanging	hang	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	acl	_	_
12	from	from	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	trellised	trellis	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	amod	_	_
15	vine	vine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **famish** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **see** | past | a FAMISHED FOX | some clusters of ripe black grapes |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer cluster=Stimulus |
| 3 | **hang** | gerund | ripe black grapes *not said here* |  |  | a trellised vine |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **trellis** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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