---
title: cobbling — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «cobbling» in the school dictionary: Cobbling is the work of mending old shoes. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# cobbling

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**Who acts:** Cobbling, work, His · **What happens:** be, mend, mean, put, send, learn · **To what, where:** work, old shoes, things, odd parts, He, cobbling

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«cobbling» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [cobbling in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/cobbling.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cobbling is the work of mending old shoes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cobbling:m1:1
# text = Cobbling is the work of mending old shoes.
1	Cobbling	cobbling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	mending	mend	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
7	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	shoes	shoe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Cobbling | the work |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mend** | gerund | the work *not said here* | old shoes |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cobbling can also mean roughly putting things together from odd parts.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cobbling:m2:1
# text = Cobbling can also mean roughly putting things together from odd parts.
1	Cobbling	cobbling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	roughly	roughly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	putting	put	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	xcomp	_	_
7	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
8	together	together	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	odd	odd	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | Cobbling |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **put** *not said to happen* | gerund | Cobbling *not said here* | things |  | odd parts |  | roughly, together *property* | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent thing=Goal |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was sent to learn cobbling.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cobbling:x1:1
# text = He was sent to learn cobbling.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	sent	send	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	learn	learn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
6	cobbling	cobbling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past · passive |  | He |  |  |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **learn** | to-infinitive |  | cobbling |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cobbling=Topic |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cobbling took him all morning.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cobbling:x2:1
# text = The cobbling took him all morning.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cobbling	cobbling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | the cobbling |  | him *= he* |  | morning |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument he=Destination |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His cobbling of the old tale was not very neat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cobbling:x3:1
# text = His cobbling of the old tale was not very neat.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	cobbling	cobbling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	tale	tale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
9	very	very	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	neat	neat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | past | His cobbling of the old tale |  |  |  |  | neat *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **cobble** |  | His *= he* | the old tale |  |  |  |  | nom cobbling «act transitive»: poss=agent of=patient |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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