---
title: collective — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «collective» in the school dictionary: Done or shared by all members of a group together. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# collective

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** people, collective noun, Flock, It, class, pride · **What happens:** do, share, work together, make, be, clean · **To what, where:** word, collective noun, collective effort, beach, collective decision, money

<!-- .vabout -->
«collective» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [collective in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/collective.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: adjective — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Done or shared by all members of a group together.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:collective:m1:1
# text = Done or shared by all members of a group together.
1	Done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	shared	share	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	conj	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	members	member	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	together	together	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | together *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **share** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | by all members of a group | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A group of people who work together and share what they make or own.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:collective:m2:1
# text = A group of people who work together and share what they make or own.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	work	work	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	together	together	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	share	share	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
10	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	9	obj	_	_
11	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **work together** | present | people |  |  |  |  | together *property* | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **share** | present | people *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **make** | present | people |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: grammar — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A collective noun is a word for a group, like a flock of sheep, a team or a herd.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:collective:m3:1
# text = A collective noun is a word for a group, like a flock of sheep, a team or a herd.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	collective	collective	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	noun	noun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	like	like	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	flock	flock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
19	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	herd	herd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a collective noun | a word and a flock of sheep and a team or a herd |  |  |  | for a group | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Flock" is a collective noun for sheep.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:collective:x1:1
# text = "Flock" is a collective noun for sheep.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Flock	flock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	collective	collective	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	noun	noun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Flock | a collective noun |  |  |  | for sheep | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was a collective effort to clean the beach.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:collective:x2:1
# text = It was a collective effort to clean the beach.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	collective	collective	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	effort	effort	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	clean	clean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	beach	beach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | It | a collective effort |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **clean** | to-infinitive |  | the beach |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent beach=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The class made a collective decision to raise money for the zoo.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:collective:x3:1
# text = The class made a collective decision to raise money for the zoo.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	collective	collective	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	decision	decision	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	raise	raise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
9	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	zoo	zoo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | the class | a collective decision |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset decision=Product |
| 2 | **raise** | to-infinitive | the class *not said here* | money |  |  |  | for the zoo | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A pride of lions is a collective noun.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:collective:x4:1
# text = A pride of lions is a collective noun.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pride	pride	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	lions	lion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	collective	collective	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	noun	noun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a pride of lions | a collective noun |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pride** |  |  | lions |  |  |  |  | nom pride «feeling transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The artists formed a collective and shared a studio.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:collective:x5:1
# text = The artists formed a collective and shared a studio.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	artists	artist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	formed	form	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	collective	collective	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	shared	share	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	studio	studio	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **form** | past | the artists | a collective |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location collective=Theme |
| 2 | **share** | past | the artists *not said here* | a studio |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We felt a collective sigh of relief when the test ended.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:collective:x6:1
# text = We felt a collective sigh of relief when the test ended.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	felt	feel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	collective	collective	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	sigh	sigh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	relief	relief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	11	mark	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	ended	end	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | past | We | a collective sigh of relief |  |  |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sigh=Theme |
| 2 | **end** | past | the test |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 3 | **sigh** |  |  | relief |  |  |  |  | nom sigh «communication transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A murder of crows is a funny collective noun.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:collective:x7:1
# text = A murder of crows is a funny collective noun.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	murder	murder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	crows	crow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	funny	funny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	collective	collective	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	noun	noun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a murder of crows | a funny collective noun |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **murder** |  |  | crows |  |  |  |  | nom murder «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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