---
title: collie — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «collie» in the school dictionary: A breed of dog with a long pointed nose and thick fur, first used in Scotland to herd sheep. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# collie

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** collie, border collie, Collies, Lassie, farmer, you · **What happens:** point, use, herd, work, round up, love · **To what, where:** thick fur, Scotland, sheep, balls, lots, famous rough collie

<!-- .vabout -->
«collie» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [collie in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/collie.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A breed of dog with a long pointed nose and thick fur, first used in Scotland to herd sheep.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:collie:m1:1
# text = A breed of dog with a long pointed nose and thick fur, first used in Scotland to herd sheep.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	breed	breed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	pointed	point	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	amod	_	_
9	nose	nose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	thick	thick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	fur	fur	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	15	advmod	_	_
15	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	acl:relcl	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	Scotland	Scotland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	herd	herd	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	advcl	_	_
20	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **point** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **use** | participle |  | thick fur *not said here* |  | Scotland |  | first *property* | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **herd** | to-infinitive |  | sheep |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent sheep=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Border collie: a very clever working sheepdog, often black and white.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:collie:m2:1
# text = Border collie: a very clever working sheepdog, often black and white.
1	Border	border	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	collie	collie	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	very	very	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	clever	clever	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	working	work	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	amod	_	_
8	sheepdog	sheepdog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	often	often	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **work** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The collie rounded up the sheep.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:collie:x1:1
# text = The collie rounded up the sheep.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	collie	collie	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	rounded	round	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **round up** | participle | the collie *not said here* | the sheep |  |  |  |  | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent sheep=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our border collie loves to chase balls.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:collie:x2:1
# text = Our border collie loves to chase balls.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	border	border	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	collie	collie	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	loves	love	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	chase	chase	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	balls	ball	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **love** | present | Our border collie |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **chase** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Our border collie *not said here* | balls |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ball=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Collies need lots of exercise.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:collie:x3:1
# text = Collies need lots of exercise.
1	Collies	collie	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	need	need	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	lots	lot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	exercise	exercise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | Collies | lots of exercise |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot lot=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lassie is a famous rough collie.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:collie:x4:1
# text = Lassie is a famous rough collie.
1	Lassie	lassie	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	famous	famous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	rough	rough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	collie	collie	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Lassie | a famous rough collie |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The farmer whistled to his collie.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:collie:x5:1
# text = The farmer whistled to his collie.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	farmer	farmer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	whistled	whistle	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	collie	collie	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **whistle** | past | the farmer |  | farmer's collie |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to collie=Recipient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A collie can learn many commands.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:collie:x6:1
# text = A collie can learn many commands.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	collie	collie	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	learn	learn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	commands	command	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | can | a collie | many commands |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent command=Topic |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Now, if you could plough the fields like the ox, or draw a cart like the horse, or look after the sheep like the collie-dog, that would be something.”

<!-- fold The tree, 30 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:collie:x7:1
# text = Now, if you could plough the fields like the ox, or draw a cart like the horse, or look after the sheep like the collie-dog, that would be something.”
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	plough	plough	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	fields	field	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
9	like	like	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	ox	ox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	draw	draw	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	cart	cart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
17	like	like	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	look	look	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
23	after	after	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obl	_	_
26	like	like	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
28	collie	collie	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
32	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	35	nsubj	_	_
33	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	35	aux	_	_
34	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	35	cop	_	_
35	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	22	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **plough** | could | you | the fields |  |  | now | like the ox | vn wipe\_instr-10.4.2 «NP V NP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent field=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **draw** | infinitive | you *not said here* | a cart |  |  |  | like the horse | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cart=Theme |
| 3 | **look** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  | after the sheep like the collie dog |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 4 | **is a** | would | that | something |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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