---
title: coloniser — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «coloniser» in the school dictionary: A country or person that takes control of another land, settles there and rules the people who already live there. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# coloniser

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** person, country, people, colonisers, Spanish colonisers, Many colonisers · **What happens:** take, settle, live, come, force, work · **To what, where:** control, rules, land, South America, 1500s, local people

<!-- .vabout -->
«coloniser» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [coloniser in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/coloniser.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A country or person that takes control of another land, settles there and rules the people who already live there.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:coloniser:m1:1
# text = A country or person that takes control of another land, settles there and rules the people who already live there.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	takes	take	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	control	control	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	10	det	_	_
10	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
12	settles	settle	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
13	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	12	advmod	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	rules	rule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	_
18	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	20	nsubj	_	_
19	already	already	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
20	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	acl:relcl	_	_
21	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	20	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | present | person | control of another land |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent control=Theme |
| 2 | **settle** | present | a country or person | rules |  | there |  |  | vn odge-46-1 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme people=Location |
| 3 | **live** | present | the people |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The colonisers took land from the Aboriginal people.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:coloniser:x1:1
# text = The colonisers took land from the Aboriginal people.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	colonisers	coloniser	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	Aboriginal	aboriginal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | the colonisers | land |  |  |  | from the Aboriginal people | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent land=Theme from people=Initial\_Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Spanish colonisers came to South America in the 1500s.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:coloniser:x2:1
# text = Spanish colonisers came to South America in the 1500s.
1	Spanish	Spanish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	colonisers	coloniser	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	South	South	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	America	America	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	1500s	1500	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | Spanish colonisers |  | South America | the 1500s |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to america=Initial\_Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Many colonisers forced local people to work for them.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:coloniser:x3:1
# text = Many colonisers forced local people to work for them.
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	colonisers	coloniser	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	forced	force	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	local	local	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	work	work	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **force** | past | Many colonisers | local people |  |  |  |  | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent people=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **work** | to-infinitive | local people *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for colonisers *= coloniser* | vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for they=Beneficiary |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The museum shows the story from the point of view of the colonised, not just the colonisers.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:coloniser:x4:1
# text = The museum shows the story from the point of view of the colonised, not just the colonisers.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	museum	museum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	point	point	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	view	view	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
13	colonised	colonis	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	18	advmod	_	_
16	just	just	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	colonisers	coloniser	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | the museum | the story |  | the point of view of the colonised colonisers |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent story=Recipient |
| 2 | **colonis** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **point** |  |  | view of the colonised colonisers |  |  |  |  | nom point «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
| 4 | **view** |  |  | the colonised colonisers |  |  |  |  | nom view «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some colonisers built railways, but mainly to take away goods.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:coloniser:x5:1
# text = Some colonisers built railways, but mainly to take away goods.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	colonisers	coloniser	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	built	build	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	railways	railway	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	mainly	mainly	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
10	away	away	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	_
11	goods	goods	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **build** | past | some colonisers | railways |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset railway=Product |
| 2 | **take away** | to-infinitive | some colonisers *not said here* | goods |  |  |  | mainly *property* | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent goods=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ireland had English colonisers in the plantation times.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:coloniser:x6:1
# text = Ireland had English colonisers in the plantation times.
1	Ireland	Ireland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	English	English	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	colonisers	coloniser	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	plantation	plantation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | Ireland | English colonisers |  |  | time |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent coloniser=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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