---
title: colossal — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «colossal» in the school dictionary: Colossal means extremely large, huge, enormous. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# colossal

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Colossal, blue whale, pyramids, We, Losing, storm · **What happens:** mean, crash, be, eat, lose, do · **To what, where:** colossal wave, harbour, colossal animal, colossal stone buildings, colossal pizza, key

<!-- .vabout -->
«colossal» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [colossal in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/colossal.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Colossal means extremely large, huge, enormous.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:colossal:m1:1
# text = Colossal means extremely large, huge, enormous.
1	Colossal	Colossal	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	extremely	extremely	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	huge	huge	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	enormous	enormous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Colossal |  |  |  |  | large *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Colossal also means very great in amount or degree («a colossal mistake», «a colossal waste»).

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:colossal:m2:1
# text = Colossal also means very great in amount or degree («a colossal mistake», «a colossal waste»).
1	Colossal	Colossal	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	also	also	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	very	very	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	ccomp	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	amount	amount	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	degree	degree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
10	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	colossal	colossal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	mistake	mistake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	colossal	colossal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	waste	waste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Colossal |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A colossal wave crashed over the harbour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:colossal:x1:1
# text = A colossal wave crashed over the harbour.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	colossal	colossal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	wave	wave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	crashed	crash	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	over	over	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	harbour	harbour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crash** | participle |  | a colossal wave *not said here* |  | the harbour |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over harbour=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The blue whale is a colossal animal.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:colossal:x2:1
# text = The blue whale is a colossal animal.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	blue	blue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	whale	whale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	colossal	colossal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the blue whale | a colossal animal |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The pyramids are colossal stone buildings.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:colossal:x3:1
# text = The pyramids are colossal stone buildings.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pyramids	pyramid	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	colossal	colossal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	buildings	building	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the pyramids | colossal stone buildings |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We ate a colossal pizza.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:colossal:x4:1
# text = We ate a colossal pizza.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	ate	eat	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	colossal	colossal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	pizza	pizza	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | past | We | a colossal pizza |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pizza=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Losing the key was a colossal mistake.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:colossal:x5:1
# text = Losing the key was a colossal mistake.
1	Losing	lose	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	csubj	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	key	key	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	colossal	colossal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	mistake	mistake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lose** | gerund |  | the key |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent key=Eventuality |
| 2 | **is a** | past | Losing | a colossal mistake |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The storm did colossal damage.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:colossal:x6:1
# text = The storm did colossal damage.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	colossal	colossal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	damage	damage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | past | the storm | colossal damage |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent damage=Eventuality |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The giant took colossal steps across the hills.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:colossal:x7:1
# text = The giant took colossal steps across the hills.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	giant	giant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	nsubj	_	_
3	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	colossal	colossal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	steps	step	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	across	across	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	hills	hill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | the giant | colossal steps |  | the hills |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent step=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This colossal statue was 39 feet high, and was composed of ivory and gold; its majestic beauty formed the chief attraction of the temple.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:colossal:x8:1
# text = This colossal statue was 39 feet high, and was composed of ivory and gold; its majestic beauty formed the chief attraction of the temple.
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
2	colossal	colossal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	statue	statue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	39	39	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl:unmarked	_	_
7	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	composed	compose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	advcl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	ivory	ivory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
17	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
18	majestic	majestic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	beauty	beauty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
20	formed	form	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	chief	chief	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	attraction	attraction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	temple	temple	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | this colossal statue |  |  |  |  | 39 feet *obl:unmarked*; high *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **compose** | past · passive | this colossal statue *not said here* |  |  |  |  | of ivory and gold | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V» |
| 3 | **form** | past | statue's majestic beauty | the chief attraction of the temple |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location attraction=Theme |
| 4 | **attract** |  |  | the temple |  |  |  |  | nom attraction «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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