---
title: colour — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «colour» in the school dictionary: Colour is what you see as red, blue, green, yellow and so on. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# colour

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Colour, you, bag, She, rainbow, Red · **What happens:** be, see, spell, have, mix, make · **To what, where:** red, picture, British way, color, beads, 6 colours

<!-- .vabout -->
«colour» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [colour in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/colour.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Colour is what you see as red, blue, green, yellow and so on.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:colour:m1:1
# text = Colour is what you see as red, blue, green, yellow and so on.
1	Colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	see	see	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
6	as	as	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	blue	blue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	conj	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	so	so	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	on	on	ADV	RB	_	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Colour |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **see** | present | you | red |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer red=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To colour is to fill in a picture with crayons, pencils or paint.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:colour:m2:1
# text = To colour is to fill in a picture with crayons, pencils or paint.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	advcl	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	fill	fill	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	picture	picture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	crayons	crayon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	pencils	pencil	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	paint	paint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  | a picture |  | with crayons and pencils or paint; fill *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Colour is the British way to spell color.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:colour:m3:1
# text = Colour is the British way to spell color.
1	Colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	British	British	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	spell	spell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl	_	_
8	color	color	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Colour | the British way |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **spell** | to-infinitive |  | color |  |  |  |  | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Agent color=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bag has beads of 3 colours.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:colour:x1:1
# text = The bag has beads of 3 colours.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bag	bag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	beads	bead	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	colours	colour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the bag | beads of 3 colours |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bead=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Colour 2 of the 5 squares.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:colour:x2:1
# text = Colour 2 of the 5 squares.
1	Colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	1	flat	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	squares	square	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How many of each colour?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:colour:x3:1
# text = How many of each colour?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	det	_	_
5	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She has 6 colours of paint.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:colour:x4:1
# text = She has 6 colours of paint.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	6	6	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	colours	colour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	paint	paint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | She | 6 colours of paint |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colour=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rainbow has 7 colours.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:colour:x5:1
# text = The rainbow has 7 colours.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rainbow	rainbow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	7	7	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	colours	colour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the rainbow | 7 colours |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colour=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Red and yellow mixed make orange.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:colour:x6:1
# text = Red and yellow mixed make orange.
1	Red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	_
4	mixed	mix	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
5	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	orange	orange	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mix** | participle | Red *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **make** | present | Red | orange |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset orange=Product |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My favourite colour is green.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:colour:x7:1
# text = My favourite colour is green.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	favourite	favourite	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | My favourite colour |  |  |  |  | green *property* | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wear bright colours when you cycle.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:colour:x8:1
# text = Wear bright colours when you cycle.
1	Wear	wear	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	bright	bright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	colours	colour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	cycle	cycle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | imperative | you *not said here* | bright colours |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent colour=Source |
| 2 | **cycle** |  | you |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He caught four, one of each colour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:colour:x9:1
# text = He caught four, one of each colour.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	caught	catch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	conj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **catch** | past | He | four |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent four=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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