---
title: combative — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «combative» in the school dictionary: Combative means ready and eager to fight or argue. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# combative

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Combative, combative goat, He, She, combative tennis player, debate · **What happens:** mean, fight, argue, play, butt, come · **To what, where:** sport, everyone, combative mood, combative tennis player

<!-- .vabout -->
«combative» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [combative in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/combative.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Combative means ready and eager to fight or argue.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:combative:m1:1
# text = Combative means ready and eager to fight or argue.
1	Combative	combative	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	ready	ready	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	eager	eager	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	fight	fight	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	argue	argue	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Combative |  |  |  |  | ready *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **fight** | to-infinitive | Combative *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **argue** *speech: disagree* | infinitive | Combative *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In sport, combative means playing hard and strongly against the other side.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:combative:m2:1
# text = In sport, combative means playing hard and strongly against the other side.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	sport	sport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	combative	combative	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	nsubj	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	playing	play	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	xcomp	_	_
7	hard	hard	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	6	advmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	strongly	strongly	ADV	RB	_	7	conj	_	_
10	against	against	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | combative |  |  | sport |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **play** *not said to happen* | gerund | combative *not said here* |  |  |  |  | against the other side; hard *property* | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The combative goat butted everyone who came near.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:combative:x1:1
# text = The combative goat butted everyone who came near.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	combative	combative	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	goat	goat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	butted	butt	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	4	obj	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	near	near	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **butt** | past | the combative goat | everyone |  |  |  |  | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent everyone=Instrument |
| 2 | **come** | past |  |  |  |  |  | near *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was in a combative mood and argued with everyone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:combative:x2:1
# text = He was in a combative mood and argued with everyone.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	combative	combative	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	mood	mood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	argued	argue	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | He |  |  | a combative mood |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **argue** *speech: disagree* | past | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with everyone | vn chit\_chat-37.6-1 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with everyone=Co-Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She is a combative tennis player who never gives up.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:combative:x3:1
# text = She is a combative tennis player who never gives up.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	combative	combative	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	tennis	tennis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	player	player	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
8	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
10	up	up	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | She | a combative tennis player |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **give up** | present | a combative tennis player |  |  |  |  |  | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The debate became combative and loud.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:combative:x4:1
# text = The debate became combative and loud.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	debate	debate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	combative	combative	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	loud	loud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | past | the debate |  |  |  |  | combative *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our dog is friendly, not combative.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:combative:x5:1
# text = Our dog is friendly, not combative.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	friendly	friendly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	combative	combative	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Our dog |  |  |  |  | friendly *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **be** |  | Our dog *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Try not to be combative when someone disagrees with you.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:combative:x6:1
# text = Try not to be combative when someone disagrees with you.
1	Try	try	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	cop	_	_
5	combative	combative	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	xcomp	_	_
6	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	8	mark	_	_
7	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	8	nsubj	_	_
8	disagrees	disagree	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **try** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **not** **is** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | combative *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **disagree** | present | someone |  |  |  |  | with you | vn correspond-36.1 «NP V PP.co-agent PP.theme whether S»: agent=Agent with you=Co-Agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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