---
title: commonwealth — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «commonwealth» in the school dictionary: The Commonwealth (Commonwealth of Nations) is a group of more than fifty countries, most of which were once part of the British Empire, such as the UK, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, India and many African and Caribbean countries; they work together on trade
---

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# commonwealth

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Commonwealth, countries, nation, England, Oliver, school · **What happens:** be, work together, execute, have, rule, hold · **To what, where:** group, part, name, time, English history, king · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«commonwealth» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [commonwealth in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/commonwealth.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: a name — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Commonwealth (Commonwealth of Nations) is a group of more than fifty countries, most of which were once part of the British Empire, such as the UK, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, India and many African and Caribbean countries; they work together on trade, education and sport.

<!-- fold The tree, 46 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:commonwealth:m1:1
# text = The Commonwealth (Commonwealth of Nations) is a group of more than fifty countries, most of which were once part of the British Empire, such as the UK, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, India and many African and Caribbean countries; they work together on trade, education and sport.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Commonwealth	Commonwealth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
3	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	Commonwealth	Commonwealth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Nations	Nation	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	4	punct	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
12	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp|ExtPos=ADV	14	advmod	_	_
13	than	than	ADP	IN	_	12	fixed	_	_
14	fifty	fifty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	nummod	_	_
15	countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	22	obl	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	22	obl	_	_
20	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	cop	_	_
21	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	22	advmod	_	_
22	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	parataxis	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	British	British	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	Empire	Empire	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
28	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	31	case	_	_
29	as	as	ADP	IN	_	28	fixed	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	UK	UK	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
33	Canada	Canada	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
35	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
37	New	New	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	38	flat	_	_
38	Zealand	Zealand	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
40	India	India	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	conj	_	_
41	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	46	cc	_	_
42	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	46	amod	_	_
43	African	African	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	46	amod	_	_
44	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	45	cc	_	_
45	Caribbean	caribbean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	43	conj	_	_
46	countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	49	punct	_	_
48	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	49	nsubj	_	_
49	work	work	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
50	together	together	ADV	RB	_	49	advmod	_	_
51	on	on	ADP	IN	_	52	case	_	_
52	trade	trade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	49	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
53	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	54	punct	_	_
54	education	education	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	52	conj	_	_
55	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	56	cc	_	_
56	sport	sport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	52	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
57	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the Commonwealth | a group |  |  |  | of fifty countries | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | past |  | part |  |  |  | of a group; of the British Empire and the UK and Canada and Australia and New Zealand and India and many African countries; most *obl*; once *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **work together** | present | countries *= country* |  |  |  |  | on trade and education and sport; together *property* | vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent on trade=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: a name — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A commonwealth is a name for some countries or states: the Commonwealth of Australia, and some US states like Massachusetts and Virginia.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:commonwealth:m2:1
# text = A commonwealth is a name for some countries or states: the Commonwealth of Australia, and some US states like Massachusetts and Virginia.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	commonwealth	commonwealth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	8	det	_	_
8	countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	states	state	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	Commonwealth	Commonwealth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
18	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	20	det	_	_
19	US	US	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	states	state	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	_
21	like	like	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	Massachusetts	Massachusetts	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	Virginia	Virginia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a commonwealth | a name |  |  |  | for some countries or states | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A commonwealth is a group of people or a nation working together for the good of all.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:commonwealth:m3:1
# text = A commonwealth is a group of people or a nation working together for the good of all.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	commonwealth	commonwealth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	nation	nation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
11	working	work	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	acl	_	_
12	together	together	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
13	for	for	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	obl	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a commonwealth | a group |  |  |  | of people or a nation | tree rules |
| 2 | **work together** | gerund | a nation *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for the good; together *property* | vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for good=Beneficiary |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In English history, the Commonwealth was the time after King Charles I was executed, when England had no king and Oliver Cromwell ruled.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:commonwealth:m4:1
# text = In English history, the Commonwealth was the time after King Charles I was executed, when England had no king and Oliver Cromwell ruled.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	English	English	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	history	history	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
6	Commonwealth	Commonwealth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
10	after	after	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	King	King	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nmod:desc	_	_
12	Charles	Charles	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
14	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	executed	execute	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	19	advmod	_	_
18	England	England	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
19	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	parataxis	_	_
20	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	21	det	_	_
21	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
23	Oliver	Oliver	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	nsubj	_	_
24	Cromwell	Cromwell	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	flat	_	_
25	ruled	rule	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Commonwealth | the time |  |  | after Charles  King |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **execute** | past · passive |  | the time |  | English history |  |  | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 3 | **have** | past | England | no king |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent king=Patient |
| 4 | **rule** | past | Oliver |  |  |  |  |  | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Canada and Australia are members of the Commonwealth.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:commonwealth:x1:1
# text = Canada and Australia are members of the Commonwealth.
1	Canada	Canada	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	members	member	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Commonwealth	Commonwealth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | Canada members |  |  |  | of the Commonwealth | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Commonwealth Games are held every four years.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:commonwealth:x2:1
# text = The Commonwealth Games are held every four years.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Commonwealth	Commonwealth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	Games	Game	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	held	hold	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
7	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | present · passive |  | the Commonwealth Games |  |  | year |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our school flew flags on Commonwealth Day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:commonwealth:x3:1
# text = Our school flew flags on Commonwealth Day.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	flew	fly	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	flags	flag	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	Commonwealth	Commonwealth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	Day	Day	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fly** | past | Our school | flags |  |  | on Commonwealth Day |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent flag=Theme on day=Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Australia's full name is the Commonwealth of Australia.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:commonwealth:x4:1
# text = Australia's full name is the Commonwealth of Australia.
1	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Commonwealth	Commonwealth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Australia's full name | the Commonwealth |  |  |  | of Australia | tree rules |
| 2 | **name** |  | Australia |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Most Commonwealth countries were once ruled by Britain.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:commonwealth:x5:1
# text = Most Commonwealth countries were once ruled by Britain.
1	Most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	3	amod	_	_
2	Commonwealth	commonwealth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
5	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	6	advmod	_	_
6	ruled	rule	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Britain	Britain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rule** | past · passive | Britain | Most Commonwealth countries |  |  |  | once *property* | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Massachusetts is called a commonwealth, not a state.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:commonwealth:x6:1
# text = Massachusetts is called a commonwealth, not a state.
1	Massachusetts	massachusett	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	commonwealth	commonwealth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | present · passive |  | Massachusetts |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
During the Commonwealth, England had no king.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:commonwealth:x7:1
# text = During the Commonwealth, England had no king.
1	During	during	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Commonwealth	Commonwealth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	England	England	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	8	det	_	_
8	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | England | no king |  |  | during the Commonwealth |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent king=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Athletes from Kenya and Jamaica won medals at the Commonwealth Games.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:commonwealth:x8:1
# text = Athletes from Kenya and Jamaica won medals at the Commonwealth Games.
1	Athletes	athlete	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
2	from	from	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	Kenya	Kenya	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	Jamaica	Jamaica	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	won	win	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	medals	medal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	Commonwealth	Commonwealth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	Games	Game	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **win** | past | Athletes from Kenya and Jamaica | medals |  | the Commonwealth Games |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent medal=Theme at game=Asset |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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