---
title: companion — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «companion» in the school dictionary: A companion is a person or animal you spend time with or travel with. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# companion

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** companion, you, friend, dog, knight, She · **What happens:** be, spend, keep, pay, live, help · **To what, where:** person, friend, you, older person, best companion, quest

<!-- .vabout -->
«companion» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [companion in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/companion.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A companion is a person or animal you spend time with or travel with.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:companion:m1:1
# text = A companion is a person or animal you spend time with or travel with.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	companion	companion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	spend	spend	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
10	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	travel	travel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a companion | a person or animal |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **spend** | present | you | a person or animal *not said here* |  |  | time | with travel | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent person=Asset |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A companion is a friend who keeps you company.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:companion:m2:1
# text = A companion is a friend who keeps you company.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	companion	companion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	company	company	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a companion | a friend |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **keep** | present | a friend | you |  |  |  |  | vn sustain-55.6-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent you=Theme company=Attribute |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A companion is a person paid to live with and help an older or ill person.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:companion:m3:1
# text = A companion is a person paid to live with and help an older or ill person.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	companion	companion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	paid	pay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	live	live	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	_
12	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
13	older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	16	amod	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	ill	ill	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	conj	_	_
16	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a companion | a person |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pay** | participle |  | a person *not said here* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **live** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **help** | infinitive |  |  | a older person |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent person=Beneficiary |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My dog is my best companion.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:companion:x1:1
# text = My dog is my best companion.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	6	amod	_	_
6	companion	companion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | My dog | my best companion |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The knight and his companions set off on a quest.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:companion:x2:1
# text = The knight and his companions set off on a quest.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	knight	knight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	companions	companion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
6	set	set	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	off	off	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	quest	quest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **set off** | past | the knight and his companions |  |  | a quest |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She was a cheerful travelling companion.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:companion:x3:1
# text = She was a cheerful travelling companion.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	cheerful	cheerful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	travelling	travelling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	companion	companion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | She | a cheerful travelling companion |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Teddy was his constant companion at night.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:companion:x4:1
# text = Teddy was his constant companion at night.
1	Teddy	Teddy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
4	constant	constant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	companion	companion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Teddy | Teddy's constant companion |  |  | night |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandma has a companion who helps her at home.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:companion:x5:1
# text = Grandma has a companion who helps her at home.
1	Grandma	grandma	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	companion	companion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	home	home	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Grandma | a companion |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent companion=Patient |
| 2 | **help** | present | a companion |  | Grandma | home |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Beneficiary |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Carrots and onions are good companion plants.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:companion:x6:1
# text = Carrots and onions are good companion plants.
1	Carrots	carrot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	onions	onion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	companion	companion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Carrots and onions | good companion plants |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Evil companions bring more hurt than profit.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:companion:x7:1
# text = Evil companions bring more hurt than profit.
1	Evil	evil	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	companions	companion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	bring	bring	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	obj	_	_
5	hurt	hurt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	than	than	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	profit	profit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bring** | present | Evil companions | more |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent more=Theme |
| 2 | **hurt** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | than profit | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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