---
title: competitor — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «competitor» in the school dictionary: A competitor is a person or team taking part in a race, contest or game, trying to win. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# competitor

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** competitor, person, business, Forty competitors, youngest competitor, main competitor · **What happens:** be, take, try, win, sell, get · **To what, where:** person, part, race, business, same kind, customers

<!-- .vabout -->
«competitor» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [competitor in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/competitor.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A competitor is a person or team taking part in a race, contest or game, trying to win.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:competitor:m1:1
# text = A competitor is a person or team taking part in a race, contest or game, trying to win.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	competitor	competitor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	taking	take	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
9	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	contest	contest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	trying	try	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	conj	_	_
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
20	win	win	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a competitor | a person or team |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **take** | gerund | a person or team *not said here* | part |  | a race and contest or game |  |  | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent part=Value in race=Location |
| 3 | **try** | gerund | a person or team *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn try-61.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 4 | **win** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | a person or team *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A competitor is a business that sells the same kind of thing as another business and tries to get its customers.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:competitor:m2:1
# text = A competitor is a business that sells the same kind of thing as another business and tries to get its customers.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	competitor	competitor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	business	business	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	sells	sell	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
13	as	as	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	15	det	_	_
15	business	business	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	tries	try	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	xcomp	_	_
20	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	customers	customer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a competitor | a business |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **sell** | present | a business | the same kind of thing |  |  |  | as another business | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kind=Theme |
| 3 | **try** | present | a business *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn try-61.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 4 | **get** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | a business *not said here* | competitor's customers |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer customer=Stimulus |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Forty competitors started the cross-country race.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:competitor:x1:1
# text = Forty competitors started the cross-country race.
1	Forty	forty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	competitors	competitor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	started	start	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	cross-country	cross-country	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **start** | past | Forty competitors | the cross-country race |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent race=Eventuality |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each competitor got a number to pin on their shirt.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:competitor:x2:1
# text = Each competitor got a number to pin on their shirt.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	competitor	competitor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	pin	pin	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	shirt	shirt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | past | each competitor | a number |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer number=Stimulus |
| 2 | **pin** | to-infinitive | each competitor *not said here* | a number *not said here* |  |  |  | on their shirt | vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle PP»: agent=Patient on shirt=Co-Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The youngest competitor was only eight years old.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:competitor:x3:1
# text = The youngest competitor was only eight years old.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	youngest	young	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	3	amod	_	_
3	competitor	competitor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
5	only	only	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	eight	eight	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl:unmarked	_	_
8	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the youngest competitor |  |  |  | year | old *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bakery's main competitor is the new café across the road.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:competitor:x4:1
# text = The bakery's main competitor is the new café across the road.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bakery	bakery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	main	main	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	competitor	competitor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	café	café	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	across	across	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the bakery's main competitor | the new café |  | the road |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She shook hands with every competitor after the final.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:competitor:x5:1
# text = She shook hands with every competitor after the final.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	shook	shake	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	competitor	competitor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	after	after	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	final	final	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shake** | past | She | hands |  |  | after the final | with every competitor | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent hand=Patient with competitor=Co-Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There were 12 competitors, and 3 of them won medals.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:competitor:x6:1
# text = There were 12 competitors, and 3 of them won medals.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	were	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	12	12	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	competitors	competitor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
7	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	nsubj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nmod	_	_
10	won	win	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
11	medals	medal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | 12 competitors |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **win** | past | 3 of competitors | medals |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent medal=Eventuality |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The competitors waited nervously for the judges' scores.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:competitor:x7:1
# text = The competitors waited nervously for the judges' scores.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	competitors	competitor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	waited	wait	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	nervously	nervously	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	judges	judge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	'	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	scores	score	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wait** | past | the competitors |  |  |  |  | for the judges's scores; nervously *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **score** |  | the judges |  |  |  |  |  | nom score «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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