---
title: composition — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «composition» in the school dictionary: What something is made of; its parts and how much of each (the composition of air). Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/C/composition/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [C](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/C/) / composition

# composition

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** composition, Mozart, you, painting, class, I · **What happens:** make, write, create, arrange, put, be · **To what, where:** parts, someone, piece, two functions, maths, nitrogen

<!-- .vabout -->
«composition» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [composition in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/composition.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
What something is made of; its parts and how much of each (the composition of air).

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:composition:m1:1
# text = What something is made of; its parts and how much of each (the composition of air).
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
7	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	11	advmod	_	_
11	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	11	nmod	_	_
14	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	composition	composition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive |  | its parts |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: subject=Beneficiary part=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A piece of music, art or writing someone has created.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:composition:m2:1
# text = A piece of music, art or writing someone has created.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	music	music	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	art	art	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	writing	write	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	conj	_	_
9	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	8	obj	_	_
10	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	created	create	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | gerund |  | someone |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Theme |
| 2 | **create** | present · perfect · passive |  | a piece of music  art |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A short school essay (UK, old-fashioned).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:composition:m3:1
# text = A short school essay (UK, old-fashioned).
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	essay	essay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	UK	UK	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	fashioned	fashioned	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The way the parts of a picture or photo are arranged.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:composition:m4:1
# text = The way the parts of a picture or photo are arranged.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl:unmarked	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	picture	picture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	photo	photo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
10	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	arranged	arrange	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **arrange** | present · passive |  | the parts of a picture or photo |  |  |  | the way *obl:unmarked* | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Product |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In maths, putting two functions or shapes together.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:composition:m5:1
# text = In maths, putting two functions or shapes together.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	maths	math	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	putting	put	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	functions	function	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	shapes	shape	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
9	together	together	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | gerund |  | two functions or shapes |  | maths |  | together *property* | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent function=Theme in math=Destination |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Air's composition is mostly nitrogen and oxygen.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:composition:x1:1
# text = Air's composition is mostly nitrogen and oxygen.
1	Air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	composition	composition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	mostly	mostly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	nitrogen	nitrogen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Air's composition | nitrogen and oxygen |  |  |  | mostly *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mozart wrote his first composition as a child.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:composition:x2:1
# text = Mozart wrote his first composition as a child.
1	Mozart	Mozart	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wrote	write	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
4	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	5	amod	_	_
5	composition	composition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | past | Mozart | Mozart's first composition |  |  |  | as a child | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent composition=Result as child=Attribute |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Write a composition about your holiday.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:composition:x3:1
# text = Write a composition about your holiday.
1	Write	write	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	composition	composition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	about	about	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	holiday	holiday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | imperative | you *not said here* | a composition |  |  |  | about your holiday | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent composition=Recipient about holiday=Topic |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The painting has a lovely composition.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:composition:x4:1
# text = The painting has a lovely composition.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	painting	painting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	lovely	lovely	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	composition	composition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the painting | a lovely composition |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent composition=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The class studied the composition of soil.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:composition:x5:1
# text = The class studied the composition of soil.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	studied	study	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	composition	composition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	soil	soil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **study** | past | the class | the composition of soil |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent composition=Topic |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The composition of the team changed after the injury.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:composition:x6:1
# text = The composition of the team changed after the injury.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	composition	composition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	changed	change	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	after	after	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	injury	injury	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | past | the composition of the team |  |  |  | after the injury |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"I have never heard a more beautiful composition.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:composition:x7:1
# text = "I have never heard a more beautiful composition.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	heard	hear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	8	advmod	_	_
8	beautiful	beautiful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	composition	composition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **hear** *in a quote* | present · perfect | I | a beautiful composition |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer composition=Stimulus |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [composite](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/C/composite/)
- next →: [compost](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/C/compost/)
- ↑ back to [C in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/C/)