---
title: compression — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «compression» in the school dictionary: Compression is pressing or squeezing something so it takes up less space. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# compression

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Compression, it, compressions, Squeezing, Chest compressions, File compression · **What happens:** press, squeeze, take up, make, be, send · **To what, where:** something, space, computer file, first aid, compression, Air

<!-- .vabout -->
«compression» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [compression in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/compression.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Compression is pressing or squeezing something so it takes up less space.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:compression:m1:1
# text = Compression is pressing or squeezing something so it takes up less space.
1	Compression	compression	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	pressing	press	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	squeezing	squeeze	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	_
6	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	obj	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	takes	take	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
10	up	up	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	_
11	less	less	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	12	advmod	_	_
12	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **press** | present · progressive | Compression |  |  |  |  |  | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **squeeze** | gerund | Compression *not said here* | something |  |  |  |  | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme |
| 3 | **take up** | present | it | space |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent space=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Compression is making a computer file smaller so it is quicker to send.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:compression:m2:1
# text = Compression is making a computer file smaller so it is quicker to send.
1	Compression	compression	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	computer	computer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	file	file	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	smaller	small	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	xcomp	_	_
8	so	so	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
11	quicker	quick	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	conj	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	send	send	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · progressive | Compression | a computer file |  |  |  | small *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset file=Product |
| 2 | **is** | present | it |  |  |  |  | quick *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **send** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In first aid, compressions are pushes on the chest in CPR.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:compression:m3:1
# text = In first aid, compressions are pushes on the chest in CPR.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	3	amod	_	_
3	aid	aid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	compressions	compression	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	pushes	push	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	chest	chest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	CPR	cpr	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | compressions |  |  | first aid |  | on the chest; in CPR; push *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Squeezing the spring is compression.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:compression:x1:1
# text = Squeezing the spring is compression.
1	Squeezing	squeeze	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	csubj	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	spring	spring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	compression	compression	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **squeeze** | gerund |  |  |  |  | spring |  | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present | Squeezing | compression |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Air can be squashed by compression, but water hardly at all.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:compression:x2:1
# text = Air can be squashed by compression, but water hardly at all.
1	Air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	squashed	squash	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	compression	compression	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
10	hardly	hardly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
11	at	at	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **squash** | can · passive | compression | Air |  |  |  | water *obl*; hardly *property* | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Chest compressions are part of CPR.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:compression:x3:1
# text = Chest compressions are part of CPR.
1	Chest	chest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	compressions	compression	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	CPR	cpr	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Chest compressions | part |  |  |  | of CPR | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
File compression makes pictures quicker to send.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:compression:x4:1
# text = File compression makes pictures quicker to send.
1	File	file	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	compression	compression	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	pictures	picture	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	quicker	quick	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	xcomp	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	send	send	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | File compression | pictures |  |  |  | quick *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset picture=Product |
| 2 | **send** | to-infinitive | pictures *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bridge must stand up to compression and tension.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:compression:x5:1
# text = The bridge must stand up to compression and tension.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bridge	bridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	stand	stand	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	up	up	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	compression	compression	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	tension	tension	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand up** | must | the bridge |  |  |  |  | to compression and tension | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A compression bandage helped my swollen ankle.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:compression:x6:1
# text = A compression bandage helped my swollen ankle.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	compression	compression	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	bandage	bandage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	helped	help	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	swollen	swollen	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	ankle	ankle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | past | a compression bandage | my swollen ankle |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ankle=Beneficiary |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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