---
title: compulsory — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «compulsory» in the school dictionary: Compulsory means something must be done because a rule or law says so; you have no choice. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# compulsory

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Compulsory, rule, you, English, Wearing, School · **What happens:** mean, do, say, have, be, wear · **To what, where:** something, choice, compulsory subjects, seat belt, car, skate park · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«compulsory» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [compulsory in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/compulsory.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Compulsory means something must be done because a rule or law says so; you have no choice.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:compulsory:m1:1
# text = Compulsory means something must be done because a rule or law says so; you have no choice.
1	Compulsory	compulsory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	nsubj	_	_
4	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	ccomp	_	_
7	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	rule	rule	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
12	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	advcl	_	_
13	so	so	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
15	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
17	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	18	det	_	_
18	choice	choice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Compulsory |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **do** | must · passive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | a rule or law |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **have** | present | you | no choice |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent choice=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
English and maths are compulsory subjects.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:compulsory:x1:1
# text = English and maths are compulsory subjects.
1	English	English	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	maths	math	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	compulsory	compulsory	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	subjects	subject	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | English and maths | compulsory subjects |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wearing a seat belt is compulsory in a car.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:compulsory:x2:1
# text = Wearing a seat belt is compulsory in a car.
1	Wearing	wear	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	csubj	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	seat	seat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	belt	belt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	compulsory	compulsory	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | gerund |  | a seat belt |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent belt=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | Wearing |  |  | a car |  | compulsory *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
School is compulsory for children in many countries.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:compulsory:x3:1
# text = School is compulsory for children in many countries.
1	School	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	compulsory	compulsory	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | School |  |  |  |  | for children in many countries; compulsory *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Helmets are compulsory at the skate park.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:compulsory:x4:1
# text = Helmets are compulsory at the skate park.
1	Helmets	helmet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	compulsory	compulsory	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	skate	skate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	park	park	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Helmets |  |  | the skate park |  | compulsory *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The trip is not compulsory; you can choose to stay.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:compulsory:x5:1
# text = The trip is not compulsory; you can choose to stay.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	trip	trip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	compulsory	compulsory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	choose	choose	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl:relcl	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	stay	stay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is a** | present | the trip | compulsory |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **choose** | can | you | compulsory *not said here* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **stay** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is compulsory to wear goggles in the lab.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:compulsory:x6:1
# text = It is compulsory to wear goggles in the lab.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	compulsory	compulsory	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	wear	wear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	goggles	goggle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	lab	lab	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | compulsory *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **wear** | to-infinitive |  | goggles |  | the lab |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent goggle=Source |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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