---
title: concentration — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «concentration» in the school dictionary: Giving all your attention to one thing: the puzzle needs concentration. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# concentration

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** puzzle, your, Chess, noise, Sea water, Adding · **What happens:** give, need, attend, amount, break, have · **To what, where:** attention, concentration, substance, lot, higher concentration, more water

<!-- .vabout -->
«concentration» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [concentration in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/concentration.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Giving all your attention to one thing: the puzzle needs concentration.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:concentration:m1:1
# text = Giving all your attention to one thing: the puzzle needs concentration.
1	Giving	give	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	csubj	_	_
2	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	4	det:predet	_	_
3	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	attention	attention	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	puzzle	puzzle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	needs	need	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
12	concentration	concentration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | gerund |  | your attention |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent attention=Theme |
| 2 | **need** | present | the puzzle | concentration |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot concentration=Theme |
| 3 | **attend** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom attention «cognition intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The amount of a substance in a liquid or mixture: a high concentration of salt.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:concentration:m2:1
# text = The amount of a substance in a liquid or mixture: a high concentration of salt.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	amount	amount	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	liquid	liquid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	mixture	mixture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	concentration	concentration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	salt	salt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **amount** |  |  | a substance in a liquid or mixture |  |  |  |  | nom amount «possession transitive»: of=patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A large number of people or things in one place: a concentration of shops in the town centre.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:concentration:m3:1
# text = A large number of people or things in one place: a concentration of shops in the town centre.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	concentration	concentration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	shops	shop	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	_
19	centre	centre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Chess needs a lot of concentration.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:concentration:x1:1
# text = Chess needs a lot of concentration.
1	Chess	chess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	needs	need	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	lot	lot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	concentration	concentration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | Chess | a lot of concentration |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot lot=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The noise broke my concentration.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:concentration:x2:1
# text = The noise broke my concentration.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	noise	noise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	broke	break	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	concentration	concentration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break** | past | the noise | my concentration |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer concentration=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sea water has a higher concentration of salt than river water.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:concentration:x3:1
# text = Sea water has a higher concentration of salt than river water.
1	Sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	higher	high	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	6	amod	_	_
6	concentration	concentration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	salt	salt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	than	than	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Sea water | a higher concentration of salt than river water |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent concentration=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Adding more water lowers the concentration of the squash.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:concentration:x4:1
# text = Adding more water lowers the concentration of the squash.
1	Adding	add	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	csubj	_	_
2	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	amod	_	_
3	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	lowers	lower	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	concentration	concentration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	squash	squash	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **add** *speech: assert* | gerund |  | more water |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Patient |
| 2 | **lower** | present | Adding | the concentration of the squash |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent concentration=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There is a concentration of cafés near the station.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:concentration:x5:1
# text = There is a concentration of cafés near the station.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	concentration	concentration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	cafés	café	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
7	near	near	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	station	station	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | a concentration of cafés near the station |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her concentration lasted for the whole test.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:concentration:x6:1
# text = Her concentration lasted for the whole test.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	concentration	concentration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lasted	last	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **last** | past | Her concentration |  |  |  |  | for the whole test | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
20 g of sugar in 100 ml is a higher concentration than 20 g in 200 ml.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:concentration:x7:1
# text = 20 g of sugar in 100 ml is a higher concentration than 20 g in 200 ml.
1	20	20	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	g	G	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	sugar	sugar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	100	100	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	ml	ml	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	higher	high	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	11	amod	_	_
11	concentration	concentration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
12	than	than	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	20	20	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	14	nummod	_	_
14	g	G	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	200	200	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	17	nummod	_	_
17	ml	ml	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | 20 g of sugar in 100 ml | a higher concentration |  |  |  | than 20 g in 200 ml | tree rules |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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