---
title: condolence — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «condolence» in the school dictionary: Condolences are words or messages of sympathy you give to someone when a person they love has died. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# condolence

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Condolences, you, person, Condolence, We, my · **What happens:** be, give, love, die, show, send · **To what, where:** words, someone, person, feeling, card, neighbours

<!-- .vabout -->
«condolence» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [condolence in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/condolence.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Condolences are words or messages of sympathy you give to someone when a person they love has died.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:condolence:m1:1
# text = Condolences are words or messages of sympathy you give to someone when a person they love has died.
1	Condolences	condolence	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	messages	message	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	sympathy	sympathy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	give	give	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	9	obl	_	_
12	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	18	mark	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
15	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	love	love	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	acl:relcl	_	_
17	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	died	die	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	9	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Condolences | words or messages of sympathy |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **give** | present | you | words or messages of sympathy *not said here* | someone |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent word=Theme to someone=Recipient |
| 3 | **love** | present | Condolences *= condolence* | a person *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer person=Stimulus |
| 4 | **die** | present · perfect | a person |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Condolence is the feeling of sympathy shown at such a time.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:condolence:m2:1
# text = Condolence is the feeling of sympathy shown at such a time.
1	Condolence	condolence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	feeling	feeling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	sympathy	sympathy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	shown	show	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	such	such	DET	PDT	PronType=Ind	11	det:predet	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Condolence | the feeling |  |  |  | of sympathy | tree rules |
| 2 | **show** | participle |  | the feeling *not said here* |  |  | time |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We sent a card of condolence to our neighbours.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:condolence:x1:1
# text = We sent a card of condolence to our neighbours.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	card	card	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	condolence	condolence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	neighbours	neighbour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past | We | a card of condolence |  | our neighbours |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent card=Theme to neighbour=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Please accept my condolences on the loss of your grandmother.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:condolence:x2:1
# text = Please accept my condolences on the loss of your grandmother.
1	Please	please	INTJ	UH	_	2	discourse	_	_
2	accept	accept	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	condolences	condolence	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	loss	loss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	grandmother	grandmother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **accept** | imperative | you *not said here* | my condolences |  | the loss of your grandmother |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent condolence=Theme |
| 2 | **condole** |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom condolence «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The class wrote condolences to their teacher when her father died.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:condolence:x3:1
# text = The class wrote condolences to their teacher when her father died.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	wrote	write	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	condolences	condolence	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	11	mark	_	_
9	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	died	die	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | past | the class | condolences | condolences's teacher |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent condolence=Topic to teacher=Recipient |
| 2 | **die** | past | class's father |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hundreds of people signed the book of condolence.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:condolence:x4:1
# text = Hundreds of people signed the book of condolence.
1	Hundreds	hundred	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
4	signed	sign	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	condolence	condolence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sign** | past | Hundreds of people | the book of condolence |  |  |  |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent book=Destination |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He offered his condolences at the funeral.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:condolence:x5:1
# text = He offered his condolences at the funeral.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	offered	offer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	condolences	condolence	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	funeral	funeral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **offer** | past | He | his condolences |  | the funeral |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent condolence=Theme |
| 2 | **condole** |  | his *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom condolence «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A short, kind message of condolence can mean a lot.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:condolence:x6:1
# text = A short, kind message of condolence can mean a lot.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	kind	kind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	message	message	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	condolence	condolence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	lot	lot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | a short kind message of condolence | a lot |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Topic |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Expressions of condolence and thanks were exchanged between them, and then they all sat down to a luxurious feast and entertained the monkey as the guest of honor.

<!-- fold The tree, 28 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:condolence:x7:1
# text = Expressions of condolence and thanks were exchanged between them, and then they all sat down to a luxurious feast and entertained the monkey as the guest of honor.
1	Expressions	expression	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	condolence	condolence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	thanks	thanks	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	exchanged	exchange	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	between	between	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
12	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	15	advmod	_	_
13	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
14	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	13	det	_	_
15	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	parataxis	_	_
16	down	down	ADP	RP	_	15	compound:prt	_	_
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	luxurious	luxurious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	feast	feast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	entertained	entertain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	conj	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	monkey	monkey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
25	as	as	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	guest	guest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	honor	honor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **exchange** | past · passive |  | Expressions of condolence and thanks |  |  |  | between condolence | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **sit down** | past | Expressions *= expression* |  |  |  | then | to a luxurious feast | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **entertain** | past | Expressions *= expression* *not said here* | the monkey |  |  |  | as the guest of honor | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus monkey=Experiencer |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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