---
title: confinement — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «confinement» in the school dictionary: Confinement is being kept in a small space or not being allowed to leave. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# confinement

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Solitary confinement, Confinement, woman, animals, prisoner, princess · **What happens:** keep, not allow, leave, be, give, rest · **To what, where:** Confinement, small space, prisoner, cell, polite word, birth · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«confinement» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [confinement in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/confinement.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Confinement is being kept in a small space or not being allowed to leave.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:confinement:m1:1
# text = Confinement is being kept in a small space or not being allowed to leave.
1	Confinement	confinement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	kept	keep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
11	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	allowed	allow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	leave	leave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present · passive |  | Confinement |  | a small space |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme in space=Location |
| 2 | **not** **allow** | gerund · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **leave** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"the animals were in confinement".

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:confinement:m1e:1
# text = "the animals were in confinement".
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	confinement	confinement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | past | the animals |  |  | confinement |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Solitary confinement is keeping a prisoner alone in a cell.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:confinement:m2:1
# text = Solitary confinement is keeping a prisoner alone in a cell.
1	Solitary	solitary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	confinement	confinement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	keeping	keep	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	prisoner	prisoner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	cell	cell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present · progressive | Solitary confinement | a prisoner |  | a cell |  | alone *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent prisoner=Theme in cell=Location |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: old-fashioned, euphemism — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Confinement was a polite word for the time a woman gives birth and rests in bed.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:confinement:m3:1
# text = Confinement was a polite word for the time a woman gives birth and rests in bed.
1	Confinement	confinement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	polite	polite	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
12	birth	birth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	rests	rest	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	bed	bed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Confinement | a polite word |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **give** | present | a woman | birth |  |  | time |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent birth=Theme |
| 3 | **rest** | present | a woman *not said here* |  |  | bed |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in bed=Location |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The prisoner spent years in confinement.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:confinement:x1:1
# text = The prisoner spent years in confinement.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	prisoner	prisoner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	spent	spend	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	confinement	confinement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spend** | past | the prisoner |  |  | confinement | year |  | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The princess hated her confinement in the tower.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:confinement:x2:1
# text = The princess hated her confinement in the tower.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	princess	princess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	hated	hate	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	confinement	confinement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	tower	tower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hate** | past | the princess | princess's confinement |  | the tower |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer confinement=Stimulus |
| 2 | **confine** |  | princess |  |  |  |  |  | nom confinement «state transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After the operation, he faced a week's confinement to bed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:confinement:x3:1
# text = After the operation, he faced a week's confinement to bed.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	operation	operation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	faced	face	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	week	week	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	's	's	PART	POS	_	8	case	_	_
10	confinement	confinement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	bed	bed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **face** | past | he | a week's confinement |  |  | after the operation | to bed | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent confinement=Destination |
| 2 | **confine** |  | a week |  |  |  |  |  | nom confinement «state transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Chickens kept in close confinement cannot move freely.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:confinement:x4:1
# text = Chickens kept in close confinement cannot move freely.
1	Chickens	chicken	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
2	kept	keep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	confinement	confinement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
8	move	move	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
9	freely	freely	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | participle |  | Chickens *not said here* |  | close confinement |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in confinement=Location |
| 2 | **not** **move** | can | Chickens |  |  |  |  | freely *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Solitary confinement is a harsh punishment.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:confinement:x5:1
# text = Solitary confinement is a harsh punishment.
1	Solitary	solitary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	confinement	confinement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	harsh	harsh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	punishment	punishment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Solitary confinement | a harsh punishment |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the old story, the lady's confinement ended with a baby boy.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:confinement:x6:1
# text = In the old story, the lady's confinement ended with a baby boy.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	lady	lady	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	confinement	confinement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	ended	end	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **end** | past | the lady's confinement |  |  | the old story |  | with a baby boy | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality PP.subeventuality»: agent=Affector with boy=Subeventuality |
| 2 | **confine** |  | the lady |  |  |  |  |  | nom confinement «state transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I think he found his confinement wearisome, so that I was a welcome guest.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:confinement:x7:1
# text = I think he found his confinement wearisome, so that I was a welcome guest.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	think	think	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	confinement	confinement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	wearisome	wearisome	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
9	so	so	SCONJ	IN	ExtPos=SCONJ	15	mark	_	_
10	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	9	fixed	_	_
11	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	welcome	welcome	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	guest	guest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **think** *speech: other* | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **find** | past | he | his confinement wearisome |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wearisome=Topic |
| 3 | **is a** | past | I | a welcome guest |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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