---
title: contaminant — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «contaminant» in the school dictionary: A substance that makes something dirty, impure, harmful or poisonous, such as germs, chemicals or dirt in water, food, air or soil. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# contaminant

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** substance, Bacteria, Microplastics, filter, Lead, Factories · **What happens:** make, test, be, remove, use, stop · **To what, where:** something, water, common contaminant, contaminant, oceans, contaminants

<!-- .vabout -->
«contaminant» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [contaminant in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/contaminant.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A substance that makes something dirty, impure, harmful or poisonous, such as germs, chemicals or dirt in water, food, air or soil.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contaminant:m1:1
# text = A substance that makes something dirty, impure, harmful or poisonous, such as germs, chemicals or dirt in water, food, air or soil.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	obj	_	_
6	dirty	dirty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	impure	impure	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	harmful	harmful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	poisonous	poisonous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	16	case	_	_
15	as	as	ADP	IN	_	14	fixed	_	_
16	germs	germ	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	chemicals	chemical	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
19	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	dirt	dirt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
24	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
26	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	_
27	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	soil	soil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | a substance | something |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset something=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The water was tested for contaminants.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contaminant:x1:1
# text = The water was tested for contaminants.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	tested	test	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	contaminants	contaminant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **test** | past · passive |  | the water |  |  |  | for contaminants | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Theme for contaminant=Attribute |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bacteria are a common contaminant in raw chicken.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contaminant:x2:1
# text = Bacteria are a common contaminant in raw chicken.
1	Bacteria	bacterium	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	common	common	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	contaminant	contaminant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	raw	raw	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	chicken	chicken	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Bacteria | a common contaminant |  |  |  | in raw chicken | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Microplastics are a contaminant in the oceans.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contaminant:x3:1
# text = Microplastics are a contaminant in the oceans.
1	Microplastics	microplastic	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	contaminant	contaminant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	oceans	ocean	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Microplastics | a contaminant |  | the oceans |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The filter removes contaminants from the water.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contaminant:x4:1
# text = The filter removes contaminants from the water.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	filter	filter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	removes	remove	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	contaminants	contaminant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **remove** | present | the filter | contaminants |  | the water |  |  | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent contaminant=Theme from water=Source |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lead used to be a contaminant in old water pipes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contaminant:x5:1
# text = Lead used to be a contaminant in old water pipes.
1	Lead	lead	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	contaminant	contaminant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	xcomp	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	pipes	pipe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past | Lead |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | to-infinitive | Lead *not said here* | a contaminant |  | old water pipes |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Factories must stop contaminants getting into rivers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contaminant:x6:1
# text = Factories must stop contaminants getting into rivers.
1	Factories	factory	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	contaminants	contaminant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	getting	get	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
6	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	rivers	river	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | must | Factories | contaminants |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality contaminant=Eventuality |
| 2 | **get** | gerund | contaminants *not said here* |  |  | rivers |  |  | vn escape-51.1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme into river=Destination |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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