---
title: contemporary — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «contemporary» in the school dictionary: Contemporary means modern, belonging to the present time: «contemporary art». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# contemporary

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Contemporary, contemporary person, We, Shakespeare, contemporary account, She · **What happens:** mean, belong, exist, happen, report, be · **To what, where:** contemporary art, battle, contemporary person, gallery, great fire, contemporary dance · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«contemporary» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [contemporary in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/contemporary.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Contemporary means modern, belonging to the present time: «contemporary art».

<!-- fold The tree, 10 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contemporary:m1:1
# text = Contemporary means modern, belonging to the present time: «contemporary art».
1	Contemporary	contemporary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	modern	modern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	belonging	belong	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	present	present	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	art	art	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Contemporary |  |  |  |  | modern *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **belong** | gerund | Contemporary *not said here* | contemporary art |  |  | time |  | vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Contemporary means existing or happening at the same time as something else: «a contemporary report of the battle».

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contemporary:m2:1
# text = Contemporary means existing or happening at the same time as something else: «a contemporary report of the battle».
1	Contemporary	contemporary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	existing	exist	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	happening	happen	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	conj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
10	as	as	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	9	nmod	_	_
12	else	else	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
14	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	report	report	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	battle	battle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Contemporary |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **exist** *not said to happen* | gerund | Contemporary *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **happen** | gerund | Contemporary *not said here* |  |  |  | time |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **report** *in a quote* |  |  | the battle |  |  |  |  | nom report «communication transitive»: of=patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A contemporary is a person who lived at the same time as someone else.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contemporary:m3:1
# text = A contemporary is a person who lived at the same time as someone else.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
12	as	as	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	obl	_	_
14	else	else	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | a contemporary person |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **live** | past | a contemporary person |  |  |  | time | as someone | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We visited a gallery of contemporary art.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contemporary:x1:1
# text = We visited a gallery of contemporary art.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	visited	visit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	gallery	gallery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	art	art	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **visit** | past | We | a gallery of contemporary art |  |  |  |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gallery=Co-Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Shakespeare was a contemporary of Queen Elizabeth the First.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contemporary:x2:1
# text = Shakespeare was a contemporary of Queen Elizabeth the First.
1	Shakespeare	Shakespeare	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	Queen	Queen	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod:desc	_	_
7	Elizabeth	Elizabeth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	First	First	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	7	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Shakespeare |  |  |  |  | of Elizabeth  Queen; contemporary *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A contemporary account describes the great fire.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contemporary:x3:1
# text = A contemporary account describes the great fire.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	account	account	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	describes	describe	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **describe** | present | a contemporary account | the great fire |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent fire=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She loves contemporary dance.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contemporary:x4:1
# text = She loves contemporary dance.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	loves	love	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	dance	dance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **love** | present | She | contemporary dance |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer dance=Stimulus |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The house has a contemporary design.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contemporary:x5:1
# text = The house has a contemporary design.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	design	design	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the house | a contemporary design |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent design=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His contemporaries thought his ideas were crazy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contemporary:x6:1
# text = His contemporaries thought his ideas were crazy.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	contemporaries	contemporary	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	thought	think	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	ideas	idea	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
6	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	crazy	crazy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **think** *speech: other* | past | His contemporaries |  |  |  |  |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | past | his ideas |  |  |  |  | crazy *property* | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And he spoke of his works, and of his warlike deeds, which his contemporaries had known, but which had not been sung, because there was no singer among his companions.

<!-- fold The tree, 30 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contemporary:x7:1
# text = And he spoke of his works, and of his warlike deeds, which his contemporaries had known, but which had not been sung, because there was no singer among his companions.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	works	work	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
11	warlike	warlike	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	deeds	deed	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
14	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	contemporaries	contemporary	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nsubj:pass	_	_
17	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
20	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
21	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	25	nsubj:pass	_	_
22	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
23	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	25	advmod	_	_
24	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	25	aux:pass	_	_
25	sung	sing	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
27	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	29	mark	_	_
28	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	29	expl	_	_
29	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	parataxis	_	_
30	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	31	det	_	_
31	singer	singer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
32	among	among	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	34	nmod:poss	_	_
34	companions	companion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | he |  |  |  |  | of his works; of his warlike deeds | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **know** | past · perfect · passive |  | his warlike deeds |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus |
| 3 | **not** **sing** *speech: express* | past · perfect · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 4 | **be** | past | no singer among singer's companions |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **work** |  | his *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom work «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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