---
title: contrast — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «contrast» in the school dictionary: noun A clear difference between two things when you put them side by side. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# contrast

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, verb, things, big contrast, black letters, picture · **What happens:** put, compare, show, be, contrast, turn up · **To what, where:** things, two things, something, red coat, life, city · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«contrast» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [contrast in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/contrast.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
noun A clear difference between two things when you put them side by side.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contrast:m1:1
# text = noun A clear difference between two things when you put them side by side.
1	noun	noun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	clear	clear	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	difference	difference	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	between	between	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
8	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	10	advmod	_	_
9	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	put	put	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
11	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl:unmarked	_	_
13	by	by	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | present | you | things *= thing* |  |  |  | by side; side *obl:unmarked* | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent they=Theme by side=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
verb To compare two things to show how they are different.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contrast:m2:1
# text = verb To compare two things to show how they are different.
1	verb	verb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	To	to	PART	TO	_	3	mark	_	_
3	compare	compare	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	show	show	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
8	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	11	advmod	_	_
9	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
10	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
11	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **compare** | to-infinitive | verb | two things |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Patient |
| 2 | **show** | to-infinitive | verb *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | present | things *= thing* |  |  |  |  | different *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
verb To be very different from something: «Her red coat contrasted with the white snow».

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contrast:m3:1
# text = verb To be very different from something: «Her red coat contrasted with the white snow».
1	verb	verb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	To	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	cop	_	_
4	very	very	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	acl	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
11	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	coat	coat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	contrasted	contrast	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl:relcl	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	snow	snow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | something |  | different *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **contrast** *in a quote* | participle · passive |  | Her red coat |  |  |  | with the white snow | vn amalgamate-22.2-2-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: subject=Patient with snow=Co-Patient |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: art, screens — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The difference between light and dark parts of a picture.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contrast:m4:1
# text = The difference between light and dark parts of a picture.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	difference	difference	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	between	between	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	picture	picture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There's a big contrast between the hot day and the cold night.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contrast:x1:1
# text = There's a big contrast between the hot day and the cold night.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	contrast	contrast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
6	between	between	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | a big contrast between the hot day and the cold night |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Compare and contrast life in a city and in the countryside.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contrast:x2:1
# text = Compare and contrast life in a city and in the countryside.
1	Compare	compare	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	contrast	contrast	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
4	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	countryside	countryside	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **compare** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **contrast** | infinitive | you *not said here* | life |  | a city and the countryside |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent life=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In contrast to his brother, Ben is very quiet.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contrast:x3:1
# text = In contrast to his brother, Ben is very quiet.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	contrast	contrast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	Ben	Ben	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	very	very	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	quiet	quiet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  | contrast to his brother |  | quiet *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The black letters contrast well with the yellow paper.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contrast:x4:1
# text = The black letters contrast well with the yellow paper.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	contrast	contrast	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	4	advmod	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **contrast** | present | the black letters |  |  |  |  | with the yellow paper; well *property* | vn amalgamate-22.2-2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Patient with paper=Co-Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Turn up the contrast so the picture is clearer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contrast:x5:1
# text = Turn up the contrast so the picture is clearer.
1	Turn	turn	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	up	up	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	contrast	contrast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	picture	picture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	clearer	clear	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	1	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn up** | imperative | you *not said here* | the contrast |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location contrast=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | the picture |  |  |  |  | clear *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«However» is a word that shows contrast.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contrast:x6:1
# text = «However» is a word that shows contrast.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	However	however	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	contrast	contrast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | a word |  |  |  | however *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **show** | present | a word | contrast |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent contrast=Recipient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The obscurity of the Celtic tale forms a striking contrast to the lucidity of the Slavonic.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contrast:x7:1
# text = The obscurity of the Celtic tale forms a striking contrast to the lucidity of the Slavonic.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	obscurity	obscurity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	Celtic	celtic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	tale	tale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
7	forms	form	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	striking	strike	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	amod	_	_
10	contrast	contrast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	lucidity	lucidity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	Slavonic	Slavonic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **form** | present | the obscurity of the Celtic tale | a striking contrast | the lucidity of the Slavonic |  |  |  | vn reflexive\_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent contrast=Theme to lucidity=Recipient |
| 2 | **strike** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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