---
title: contravene — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «contravene» in the school dictionary: To break a law, rule or agreement. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# contravene

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Parking, factory, Pupils, phone policy, phones, referee · **What happens:** break, go, disagree, contravene, have, pay · **To what, where:** law, rules, safety laws, fine, phones, animals · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«contravene» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [contravene in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/contravene.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To break a law, rule or agreement.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contravene:m1:1
# text = To break a law, rule or agreement.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	break	break	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	rule	rule	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	agreement	agreement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break** | to-infinitive |  | a law and rule or agreement |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer law=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal, rare — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To go against or disagree with an idea or statement.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contravene:m2:1
# text = To go against or disagree with an idea or statement.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	go	go	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	against	against	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	disagree	disagree	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	idea	idea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	statement	statement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **disagree** | present |  |  |  |  |  | with a idea or statement | vn correspond-36.1 «NP V PP.co-agent PP.theme whether S»: agent=Agent with idea=Co-Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Parking on the zigzag lines outside school contravenes the rules.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contravene:x1:1
# text = Parking on the zigzag lines outside school contravenes the rules.
1	Parking	parking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
2	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	zigzag	zigzag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	lines	line	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
6	outside	outside	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	contravenes	contravene	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	rules	rule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **contravene** | present | Parking on the zigzag lines outside school | the rules |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The factory contravened safety laws and had to pay a fine.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contravene:x2:1
# text = The factory contravened safety laws and had to pay a fine.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	factory	factory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	contravened	contravene	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	safety	safety	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	laws	law	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	pay	pay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	fine	fine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **contravene** | participle | the factory | safety laws |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** | past | the factory *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **pay** | to-infinitive | the factory *not said here* | a fine |  |  |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fine=Asset |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pupils who contravene the phone policy will have phones confiscated.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contravene:x3:1
# text = Pupils who contravene the phone policy will have phones confiscated.
1	Pupils	pupil	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
3	contravene	contravene	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	phone	phone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	policy	policy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
7	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
9	phones	phone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
10	confiscated	confiscate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **contravene** | present | Pupils |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** | future | the phone policy | phones |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **confiscate** | participle | phones *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn steal-10.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The referee said the tackle contravened the rules of the game.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contravene:x4:1
# text = The referee said the tackle contravened the rules of the game.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	referee	referee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	tackle	tackle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	contravened	contravene	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	rules	rule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the referee |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **contravene** | past | the tackle | the rules of the game |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **rule** |  | the game |  |  |  |  |  | nom rule «cognition intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Feeding the animals contravenes the zoo's rules.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contravene:x5:1
# text = Feeding the animals contravenes the zoo's rules.
1	Feeding	feed	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	csubj	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	contravenes	contravene	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	zoo	zoo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	rules	rule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feed** | gerund |  |  | the animals |  |  |  | vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Recipient |
| 2 | **contravene** | present | Feeding | the zoo's rules |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **rule** |  | the zoo |  |  |  |  |  | nom rule «cognition intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Building the wall so high contravened the planning law.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contravene:x6:1
# text = Building the wall so high contravened the planning law.
1	Building	build	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	csubj:pass	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	wall	wall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	so	so	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	high	high	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	6	advmod	_	_
6	contravened	contravene	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	planning	planning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **build** | gerund |  | the wall |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset wall=Product |
| 2 | **contravene** | participle | Building | the planning law |  |  |  | high *property* | tree rules |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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