---
title: contribute — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «contribute» in the school dictionary: To contribute is to give money, time or help together with other people. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# contribute

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Everyone, you, Litter, She, Lack, We · **What happens:** contribute, be, help, cause, print, lack · **To what, where:** something, it, idea, discussion, magazine, piece

<!-- .vabout -->
«contribute» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [contribute in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/contribute.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To contribute is to give money, time or help together with other people.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contribute:m1:1
# text = To contribute is to give money, time or help together with other people.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	contribute	contribute	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
11	together	together	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **contribute** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | give *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **help** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | with other people; together *property* | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent with people=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To contribute to something is to help cause it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contribute:m2:1
# text = To contribute to something is to help cause it.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	contribute	contribute	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obl	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	help	help	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	cause	cause	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **contribute** | to-infinitive |  |  | something |  |  |  | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to something=Recipient |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | help *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **cause** | infinitive |  | it |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition it=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To contribute an idea is to share it in a discussion.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contribute:m3:1
# text = To contribute an idea is to share it in a discussion.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	contribute	contribute	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	idea	idea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	share	share	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	discussion	discussion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **contribute** | to-infinitive |  | a idea |  |  |  |  | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent idea=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  | a discussion |  | share *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To contribute to a magazine or book is to send in a piece of writing for it to be printed.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contribute:m4:1
# text = To contribute to a magazine or book is to send in a piece of writing for it to be printed.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	contribute	contribute	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	advcl	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	magazine	magazine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	send	send	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	writing	writing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
16	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj:pass	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
19	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	aux:pass	_	_
20	printed	print	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **contribute** | to-infinitive |  |  | a magazine or book |  |  |  | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to magazine=Recipient |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  | a piece of writing |  | send *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **print** | to-infinitive · passive |  | writing |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Everyone contributed a pound for the gift.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contribute:x1:1
# text = Everyone contributed a pound for the gift.
1	Everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	2	nsubj	_	_
2	contributed	contribute	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	pound	pound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	gift	gift	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **contribute** | past | Everyone | a pound |  |  |  | for the gift | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent pound=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Please contribute your ideas.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contribute:x2:1
# text = Please contribute your ideas.
1	Please	please	INTJ	UH	_	2	discourse	_	_
2	contribute	contribute	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	ideas	idea	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **contribute** | imperative | you *not said here* | your ideas |  |  |  |  | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent idea=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Litter contributes to pollution.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contribute:x3:1
# text = Litter contributes to pollution.
1	Litter	litter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	contributes	contribute	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	pollution	pollution	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **contribute** | present | Litter |  | pollution |  |  |  | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to pollution=Recipient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She contributed three goals to the win.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contribute:x4:1
# text = She contributed three goals to the win.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	contributed	contribute	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	goals	goal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	win	win	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **contribute** | past | She | three goals | the win |  |  |  | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent goal=Theme to win=Recipient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lack of sleep contributed to his grumpiness.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contribute:x5:1
# text = Lack of sleep contributed to his grumpiness.
1	Lack	lack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	sleep	sleep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
4	contributed	contribute	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	grumpiness	grumpiness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **contribute** | participle | Lack of sleep |  | Lack's grumpiness |  |  |  | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to grumpiness=Recipient |
| 2 | **lack** |  |  | sleep |  |  |  |  | nom lack «state transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We all contributed food for the picnic.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contribute:x6:1
# text = We all contributed food for the picnic.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	all	all	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	contributed	contribute	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	picnic	picnic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **contribute** | past | We | food |  |  |  | for the picnic; all *property* | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent food=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mr. Toulmin Smith gave another version in The Constitutional, July 1, 1853, which was translated by his daughter, and contributed to Mélusine, t. ii.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:contribute:x7:1
# text = Mr. Toulmin Smith gave another version in The Constitutional, July 1, 1853, which was translated by his daughter, and contributed to Mélusine, t. ii.
1	Mr.	Mr.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod:desc	_	_
2	Toulmin	Toulmin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	Smith	Smith	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	_
4	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	6	det	_	_
6	version	version	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	Constitutional	constitutional	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	July	July	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nmod:unmarked	_	_
12	1	1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	1853	1853	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj:pass	_	_
17	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux:pass	_	_
18	translated	translate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	acl	_	_
19	by	by	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	daughter	daughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	contributed	contribute	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
25	to	to	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	Mélusine	Mélusine	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
28	t.	t.	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	appos	_	_
29	ii	II	NUM	CD	NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card	28	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | Toulmin  Mr. | another version |  | the Constitutional |  | 1  July *obl* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent version=Theme |
| 2 | **translate** | past · passive | Toulmin's daughter |  |  |  |  |  | vn turn-26.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient |
| 3 | **contribute** | participle | Toulmin  Mr. *not said here* |  | Mélusine |  |  |  | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to mélusine=Recipient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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