---
title: controlling — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «controlling» in the school dictionary: As a verb form, controlling means being in charge of something or making it do what you want: «He is controlling the drone». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# controlling

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** controlling, charge, you, controlling person, people, controlling share · **What happens:** mean, be, make, do, want, control · **To what, where:** charge, drone, other people, enough, power, company · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«controlling» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [controlling in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/controlling.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
As a verb form, controlling means being in charge of something or making it do what you want: «He is controlling the drone».

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:controlling:m1:1
# text = As a verb form, controlling means being in charge of something or making it do what you want: «He is controlling the drone».
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	verb	verb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	controlling	controlling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	cop	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	charge	charge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	10	nmod	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	conj	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	_
16	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	xcomp	_	_
17	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	19	obj	_	_
18	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	want	want	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
21	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
23	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
24	controlling	control	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	ccomp	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	drone	drone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | controlling |  |  |  |  | as a verb form | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  | charge |  | of something | tree rules |
| 3 | **make** | gerund |  | charge |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **do** | infinitive | charge *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **want** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot what=Theme |
| 6 | **control** *in a quote* | present · progressive | controlling | the drone |  |  |  |  | vn enforce-63 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent drone=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A controlling person tries too hard to control other people and what they do, which is unkind and unfair.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:controlling:m2:1
# text = A controlling person tries too hard to control other people and what they do, which is unkind and unfair.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	controlling	controlling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	tries	try	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	too	too	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	control	control	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	8	conj	_	_
13	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	do	do	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj	_	_
17	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
18	unkind	unkind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	unfair	unfair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **try** | present | a controlling person |  |  |  |  | hard *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **control** | to-infinitive | a controlling person *not said here* | other people |  |  |  |  | vn enforce-63 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Theme |
| 3 | **do** | present | people |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | unkind *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **be** |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A controlling share or interest means enough to have power over a company.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:controlling:m3:1
# text = A controlling share or interest means enough to have power over a company.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	controlling	controlling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	share	share	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	interest	interest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	enough	enough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	obj	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
10	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
11	over	over	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	company	company	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | a controlling share or interest | enough |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent enough=Topic |
| 2 | **have** | to-infinitive | a controlling share or interest *not said here* | power |  | a company |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent power=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She is controlling the robot with a tablet.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:controlling:x1:1
# text = She is controlling the robot with a tablet.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	controlling	control	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	robot	robot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	tablet	tablet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **control** | present · progressive | She | the robot |  |  |  | with a tablet | vn enforce-63 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent robot=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In a fair test we are controlling all the variables but one.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:controlling:x2:1
# text = In a fair test we are controlling all the variables but one.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	fair	fair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
5	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	controlling	control	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
8	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	10	det:predet	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	variables	variable	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
11	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **control** | present · progressive | we | all variables |  | a fair test |  |  | vn enforce-63 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent variable=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her friend was very controlling and wouldn't let her play with others.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:controlling:x3:1
# text = Her friend was very controlling and wouldn't let her play with others.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	very	very	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	controlling	controlling	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
10	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	play	play	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Her friend |  |  |  |  | controlling *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **let** | would | Her friend *not said here* | friend |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **play** | infinitive | friend *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with others | vn play-114.2-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent with other=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Controlling your temper takes practice.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:controlling:x4:1
# text = Controlling your temper takes practice.
1	Controlling	control	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	csubj	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	temper	temper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	takes	take	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	practice	practice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **control** | gerund |  | your temper |  |  |  |  | vn enforce-63 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent temper=Theme |
| 2 | **take** | present | Controlling | practice |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent practice=Theme |
| 3 | **temper** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom temper «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The company bought a controlling share.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:controlling:x5:1
# text = The company bought a controlling share.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	company	company	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	bought	buy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	controlling	controlling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	share	share	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buy** | past | the company | a controlling share |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent share=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Controlling the ball well is key in football.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:controlling:x6:1
# text = Controlling the ball well is key in football.
1	Controlling	control	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	csubj	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	1	advmod	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	key	key	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	football	football	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **control** | gerund |  | the ball |  |  |  | well *property* | vn enforce-63 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ball=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | Controlling |  |  | football |  | key *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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