---
title: copper — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «copper» in the school dictionary: Copper is a reddish-brown metal that conducts electricity and heat very well. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# copper

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Copper, brown metal, Coppers, Statue, She, Copper pipes · **What happens:** be, conduct, use, brew, make, change · **To what, where:** brown metal, electricity, brown colour, small brown coins, informal British word, large metal pot

<!-- .vabout -->
«copper» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [copper in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/copper.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Copper is a reddish-brown metal that conducts electricity and heat very well.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:copper:m1:1
# text = Copper is a reddish-brown metal that conducts electricity and heat very well.
1	Copper	copper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
4	reddish	reddish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	brown	brown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	conducts	conduct	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	electricity	electricity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
13	very	very	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Copper | a brown metal |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **conduct** | present | a brown metal | electricity and heat |  |  |  | well *property* | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent electricity=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Copper is also a reddish-brown colour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:copper:m2:1
# text = Copper is also a reddish-brown colour.
1	Copper	copper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	reddish	reddish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	brown	brown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Copper | a brown colour |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Coppers are small brown coins (UK).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:copper:m3:1
# text = Coppers are small brown coins (UK).
1	Coppers	copper	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
4	brown	brown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	coins	coin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
6	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	UK	UK	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Coppers | small brown coins |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A copper is an informal British word for a police officer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:copper:m4:1
# text = A copper is an informal British word for a police officer.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	copper	copper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	informal	informal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	British	British	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	police	police	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	officer	officer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a copper | a informal British word |  |  |  | for a police officer | tree rules |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A copper can also be a large metal pot, used for heating water or brewing.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:copper:m5:1
# text = A copper can also be a large metal pot, used for heating water or brewing.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	copper	copper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	pot	pot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	heating	heating	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	brewing	brew	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | can | a copper | a large metal pot |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | participle |  | a large metal pot *not said here* |  |  |  | for heating water | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **brew** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Electric wires are often made of copper.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:copper:x1:1
# text = Electric wires are often made of copper.
1	Electric	electric	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	wires	wire	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	often	often	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	copper	copper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive |  | Electric wires |  |  |  | of copper; often *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Statue of Liberty is green because its copper changed over time.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:copper:x2:1
# text = The Statue of Liberty is green because its copper changed over time.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Statue	Statue	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Liberty	Liberty	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
7	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
8	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	copper	copper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	changed	change	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	advcl	_	_
11	over	over	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the Statue of Liberty |  |  |  |  | green *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **change** | past | Statue's copper |  |  |  | time |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She has copper-coloured hair.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:copper:x3:1
# text = She has copper-coloured hair.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	copper	copper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	coloured	coloured	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | She | coloured hair |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hair=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Copper is a good conductor of heat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:copper:x4:1
# text = Copper is a good conductor of heat.
1	Copper	copper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	conductor	conductor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Copper | a good conductor |  |  |  | of heat | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Old pennies are made of copper.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:copper:x5:1
# text = Old pennies are made of copper.
1	Old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	pennies	penny	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	copper	copper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive |  | Old pennies |  |  |  | of copper | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Copper pipes carry water in the house.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:copper:x6:1
# text = Copper pipes carry water in the house.
1	Copper	copper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	pipes	pipe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	carry	carry	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carry** | present | Copper pipes | water |  | the house |  |  | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent water=Value in house=Location |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The copper caught the thief (old British slang).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:copper:x7:1
# text = The copper caught the thief (old British slang).
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	copper	copper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	caught	catch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	thief	thief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	British	British	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	slang	slang	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **catch** | past | the copper | the thief |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thief=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The wood flamed up splendidly under the large brewing copper, and it sighed so deeply!

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:copper:x8:1
# text = The wood flamed up splendidly under the large brewing copper, and it sighed so deeply!
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
3	flamed	flame	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	splendidly	splendidly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
6	under	under	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	brewing	brewing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	copper	copper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	sighed	sigh	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
15	so	so	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	deeply	deeply	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **flame up** | participle |  | the wood *not said here* |  | the large brewing copper |  | splendidly *property* | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under copper=Location |
| 2 | **sigh** | past | the wood |  |  |  |  | deeply *property* | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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