---
title: copse — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «copse» in the school dictionary: A small group of trees growing close together; a little wood. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# copse

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** trees, small wood, We, fox, Bluebells, map · **What happens:** grow, cut back, regrow, have, shade, run · **To what, where:** trees, coppice, picnic, shade, small copse, copse

<!-- .vabout -->
«copse» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [copse in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/copse.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A small group of trees growing close together; a little wood.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:copse:m1:1
# text = A small group of trees growing close together; a little wood.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
6	growing	grow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
7	close	close	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	6	advmod	_	_
8	together	together	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | gerund | trees *not said here* |  |  |  |  | close, together *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A small wood where trees are regularly cut back so they regrow (also «coppice»).

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:copse:m2:1
# text = A small wood where trees are regularly cut back so they regrow (also «coppice»).
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
4	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	8	advmod	_	_
5	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
7	regularly	regularly	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl:relcl	_	_
9	back	back	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
10	so	so	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
11	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	regrow	regrow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
13	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	also	also	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
15	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	coppice	coppice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cut back** | present · passive |  | trees |  |  |  | regularly *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
| 2 | **regrow** | present | a small wood | coppice |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We had our picnic in the shade of a small copse.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:copse:x1:1
# text = We had our picnic in the shade of a small copse.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	picnic	picnic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	shade	shade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	copse	copse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | We | our picnic |  | the shade of a small copse |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent picnic=Patient |
| 2 | **shade** |  |  | a small copse |  |  |  |  | nom shade «state transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A fox ran into the copse at the end of the field.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:copse:x2:1
# text = A fox ran into the copse at the end of the field.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	fox	fox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	copse	copse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | past | a fox |  |  |  | at the end of the field | into the copse *result* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into copse=Result |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bluebells grow in the copse every spring.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:copse:x3:1
# text = Bluebells grow in the copse every spring.
1	Bluebells	bluebell	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	grow	grow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	copse	copse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	spring	spring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | present | Bluebells |  |  | the copse | spring |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in copse=Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The map shows a copse beside the farm.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:copse:x4:1
# text = The map shows a copse beside the farm.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	map	map	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	copse	copse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	beside	beside	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	farm	farm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | the map | a copse |  | the farm |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent copse=Recipient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The pheasants hid in the copse.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:copse:x5:1
# text = The pheasants hid in the copse.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pheasants	pheasant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	hid	hide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	copse	copse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hide** | past | the pheasants |  |  | the copse |  |  | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in copse=Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We played hide-and-seek among the trees of the copse.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:copse:x6:1
# text = We played hide-and-seek among the trees of the copse.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	played	play	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	hide	hide	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	seek	seek	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
8	among	among	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	copse	copse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **play** | past | We | hide |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hide=Theme |
| 2 | **seek** | infinitive | We *not said here* |  |  | the trees of the copse |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent among tree=Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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