---
title: coral — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «coral» in the school dictionary: Coral is a hard, stony material made by tiny sea animals; over many years it builds up into reefs in warm, shallow seas. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# coral

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Coral, Coral reefs, tiny animals, you, Hot water, She · **What happens:** be, make, build up, build, call, not touch · **To what, where:** hard stony material, reefs, one, orange colour, Great Barrier Reef, Coral · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«coral» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [coral in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/coral.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Coral is a hard, stony material made by tiny sea animals; over many years it builds up into reefs in warm, shallow seas.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:coral:m1:1
# text = Coral is a hard, stony material made by tiny sea animals; over many years it builds up into reefs in warm, shallow seas.
1	Coral	coral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
4	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	stony	stony	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	material	material	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
11	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
14	over	over	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	builds	build	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
19	up	up	ADP	RP	_	18	compound:prt	_	_
20	into	into	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	reefs	reef	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	_
22	in	in	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
23	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
25	shallow	shallow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	seas	sea	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Coral | a hard stony material |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  | a hard stony material *not said here* |  |  |  | by tiny sea animals | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 3 | **build up** | present | Coral |  |  | reefs | year | in warm shallow seas | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A coral is one of these tiny animals, or a group of them.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:coral:m2:1
# text = A coral is one of these tiny animals, or a group of them.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	coral	coral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	8	det	_	_
7	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a coral | one or a group of animals |  |  |  | of this tiny animals | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Coral is a pinkish-orange colour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:coral:m3:1
# text = Coral is a pinkish-orange colour.
1	Coral	coral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
4	pinkish	pinkish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	orange	orange	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Coral | a orange colour |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Coral reefs are full of colourful fish.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:coral:x1:1
# text = Coral reefs are full of colourful fish.
1	Coral	coral	NOUN	NN	_	2	compound	_	_
2	reefs	reef	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	colourful	colourful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Coral reefs |  |  |  |  | of colourful fish; full *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Great Barrier Reef is made of coral.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:coral:x2:1
# text = The Great Barrier Reef is made of coral.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	Great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	Barrier	Barrier	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	Reef	Reef	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	coral	coral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive |  | the Great Barrier Reef |  |  |  | of coral | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Coral is built by tiny animals called polyps.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:coral:x3:1
# text = Coral is built by tiny animals called polyps.
1	Coral	coral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	built	build	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	polyps	polyp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **build** | present · passive | tiny animals | Coral |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Product |
| 2 | **call** | participle | tiny animals *not said here* | polyps |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't touch or break the coral when you snorkel.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:coral:x4:1
# text = Don't touch or break the coral when you snorkel.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	touch	touch	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	break	break	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	coral	coral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	10	mark	_	_
9	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	snorkel	snorkel	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **touch** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **break** | infinitive | you *not said here* | the coral |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer coral=Patient |
| 3 | **snorkel** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hot water can turn coral white, which is called bleaching.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:coral:x5:1
# text = Hot water can turn coral white, which is called bleaching.
1	Hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	turn	turn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	coral	coral	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	parataxis	_	_
11	bleaching	bleaching	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | can | Hot water |  |  |  |  | white *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **call** | present · passive |  | bleaching |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She painted her room coral pink.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:coral:x6:1
# text = She painted her room coral pink.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	painted	paint	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	coral	coral	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	pink	pink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **paint** | past | She | her room |  |  |  |  | vn coloring-24 «NP V NP ADJP»: agent=Agent room=Patient pink=Result |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We saw many different corals in the aquarium.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:coral:x7:1
# text = We saw many different corals in the aquarium.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
4	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	corals	coral	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	aquarium	aquarium	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | We | many different corals |  | the aquarium |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer coral=Stimulus |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Its walls are built of coral, and the long, gothic windows are of the clearest amber.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:coral:x8:1
# text = Its walls are built of coral, and the long, gothic windows are of the clearest amber.
1	Its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	walls	wall	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	built	build	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	coral	coral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
10	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
12	gothic	gothic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	windows	window	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nsubj	_	_
14	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	clearest	clear	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	18	amod	_	_
18	amber	amber	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **build** | present · passive |  | Its walls |  |  |  | of coral | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
| 2 | **is** | present | the long gothic windows |  |  |  |  | of the clearest amber | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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