---
title: correspondence — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «correspondence» in the school dictionary: Correspondence is letters, emails or messages sent between people. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# correspondence

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Correspondence, she, her, we, Grandpa, two friends · **What happens:** be, send, write, read, correspond, keep up · **To what, where:** Correspondence letters, messages, each, match, correspondence, box · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«correspondence» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [correspondence in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/correspondence.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Correspondence is letters, emails or messages sent between people.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:correspondence:m1:1
# text = Correspondence is letters, emails or messages sent between people.
1	Correspondence	correspondence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	emails	email	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	messages	message	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
8	sent	send	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	between	between	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl:agent	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | Correspondence letters and emails or messages |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **send** | participle |  | messages *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"she reads her correspondence every morning".

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:correspondence:m1e:1
# text = "she reads her correspondence every morning".
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	reads	read	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	correspondence	correspondence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **read** *in a quote* | present | she | her correspondence |  |  | morning |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent correspondence=Topic |
| 2 | **correspond** *in a quote* |  | her *= she* |  |  |  |  |  | nom correspondence «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Correspondence is writing to each other over time.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:correspondence:m2:1
# text = Correspondence is writing to each other over time.
1	Correspondence	correspondence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	writing	write	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	each	each	DET	DT	ExtPos=PRON|PronType=Rcp	3	obl	_	_
6	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	fixed	_	_
7	over	over	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | present · progressive | Correspondence |  | each |  | time |  | vn lecture-37.11-1 «NP V PP.recipient PP.topic»: agent=Agent to each=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"we kept up a correspondence for years".

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:correspondence:m2e:1
# text = "we kept up a correspondence for years".
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	correspondence	correspondence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep up** *in a quote* | past | we | a correspondence |  |  | year |  | vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent correspondence=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A correspondence is a match or close link between two things.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:correspondence:m3:1
# text = A correspondence is a match or close link between two things.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	correspondence	correspondence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	match	match	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	link	link	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
9	between	between	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
11	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a correspondence | a match or close link between two things |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"a correspondence between the two lists".

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:correspondence:m3e:1
# text = "a correspondence between the two lists".
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	correspondence	correspondence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	between	between	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	lists	list	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandpa keeps all his correspondence in a box.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:correspondence:x1:1
# text = Grandpa keeps all his correspondence in a box.
1	Grandpa	grandpa	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	5	det:predet	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	correspondence	correspondence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	box	box	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present | Grandpa | Grandpa's correspondence |  | a box |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent correspondence=Theme in box=Location |
| 2 | **correspond** |  | Grandpa |  |  |  |  |  | nom correspondence «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The two friends kept up a correspondence while one lived in Canada.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:correspondence:x2:1
# text = The two friends kept up a correspondence while one lived in Canada.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
4	kept	keep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	up	up	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	correspondence	correspondence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
9	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	parataxis	_	_
10	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Canada	Canada	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep up** | participle | the two friends *not said here* | a correspondence |  |  |  |  | vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent correspondence=Theme |
| 2 | **live** | past | the two friends |  |  | Canada |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in canada=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Match each child to one chair: that is one-to-one correspondence.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:correspondence:x3:1
# text = Match each child to one chair: that is one-to-one correspondence.
1	Match	match	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	det	_	_
3	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	chair	chair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	15	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
10	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	nummod	_	_
15	correspondence	correspondence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **match** | imperative | you *not said here* | each child |  |  |  | to one chair | vn amalgamate-22.2-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent child=Patient to chair=Co-Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present | that |  |  |  |  | to one correspondence | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There is a close correspondence between the two maps.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:correspondence:x4:1
# text = There is a close correspondence between the two maps.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	correspondence	correspondence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
6	between	between	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	maps	map	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | a close correspondence between the two maps |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The office deals with the head teacher's correspondence.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:correspondence:x5:1
# text = The office deals with the head teacher's correspondence.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	office	office	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	deals	deal	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	correspondence	correspondence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **deal** | present | the office |  |  |  |  | with the head teacher's correspondence | vn cope-83 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent with correspondence=Theme |
| 2 | **correspond** |  | the head teacher |  |  |  |  |  | nom correspondence «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She did a correspondence course by post.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:correspondence:x6:1
# text = She did a correspondence course by post.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	correspondence	correspondence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	post	post	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | past | She | a correspondence course |  |  |  | by post | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent course=Eventuality |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"It is an unheard-of thing," said Noureddin, "that a fisherman should be in correspondence with a king."

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:correspondence:x7:1
# text = "It is an unheard-of thing," said Noureddin, "that a fisherman should be in correspondence with a king."
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	unheard	unheard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
11	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	Noureddin	Noureddin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
14	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	21	nsubj	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	fisherman	fisherman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
18	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
19	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	cop	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	correspondence	correspondence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	ccomp	_	_
22	with	with	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	21	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | present | It |  |  |  |  | of a unheard thing | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Noureddin |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** *in a quote* | should | that |  |  | correspondence |  | with a king | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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