---
title: corroboration — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «corroboration» in the school dictionary: Corroboration is extra evidence or information that shows that a statement or idea is true. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# corroboration

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Corroboration, information, statement, story, detective, photo · **What happens:** be, show, need, find, corroborate, not share · **To what, where:** extra evidence, corroboration, receipt, alibi, rumour, test · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«corroboration» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [corroboration in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/corroboration.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Corroboration is extra evidence or information that shows that a statement or idea is true.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:corroboration:m1:1
# text = Corroboration is extra evidence or information that shows that a statement or idea is true.
1	Corroboration	corroboration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	extra	extra	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	evidence	evidence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	information	information	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	statement	statement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	idea	idea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
15	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Corroboration | extra evidence or information |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **show** | present | information |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | present | a statement or idea |  |  |  |  | true *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The witness's story needed corroboration from another person.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:corroboration:x1:1
# text = The witness's story needed corroboration from another person.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	witness	witness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	needed	need	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	corroboration	corroboration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	9	det	_	_
9	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | past | the witness's story | corroboration |  |  |  | from another person | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot corroboration=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The detective found a receipt in corroboration of the alibi.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:corroboration:x2:1
# text = The detective found a receipt in corroboration of the alibi.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	detective	detective	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	receipt	receipt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	corroboration	corroboration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	alibi	alibi	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | past | the detective | a receipt |  | corroboration of the alibi |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent receipt=Topic |
| 2 | **corroborate** |  |  | the alibi |  |  |  |  | nom corroboration «communication transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Without corroboration, the rumour should not be shared.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:corroboration:x3:1
# text = Without corroboration, the rumour should not be shared.
1	Without	without	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	corroboration	corroboration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	rumour	rumour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
8	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	shared	share	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **share** | should · passive |  | the rumour |  |  |  | without corroboration | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The photo provided corroboration that the comet was real.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:corroboration:x4:1
# text = The photo provided corroboration that the comet was real.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	photo	photo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	provided	provide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	corroboration	corroboration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	comet	comet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **provide** | past | the photo | corroboration |  |  |  |  | vn ensure-99 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition corroboration=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | past | the comet |  |  |  |  | real *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Scientists repeated the test to get corroboration of the result.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:corroboration:x5:1
# text = Scientists repeated the test to get corroboration of the result.
1	Scientists	scientist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	repeated	repeat	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
7	corroboration	corroboration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	result	result	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **repeat** | past | Scientists | the test |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent test=Eventuality |
| 2 | **get** | to-infinitive | Scientists *not said here* | corroboration of the result |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer corroboration=Stimulus |
| 3 | **corroborate** |  |  | the result |  |  |  |  | nom corroboration «communication transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Check two good sources for corroboration before you believe a claim online.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:corroboration:x6:1
# text = Check two good sources for corroboration before you believe a claim online.
1	Check	check	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
3	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	sources	source	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	corroboration	corroboration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
7	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	believe	believe	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	claim	claim	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	online	online	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **check** | imperative | you *not said here* | two good sources |  |  |  | for corroboration | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent source=Theme for corroboration=Attribute |
| 2 | **believe** | present | you | a claim |  |  |  | online *property* | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer claim=Stimulus |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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