---
title: corrosion — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «corrosion» in the school dictionary: Corrosion is the slow damage of metal or stone by water, air or chemicals, such as iron turning to rust. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# corrosion

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Corrosion, iron, Salt, cars, Paint, iron nail · **What happens:** be, turn, wear away, destroy, eat, speed up · **To what, where:** slow damage, rust, something, Corrosion, old metal gate, bridge

<!-- .vabout -->
«corrosion» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [corrosion in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/corrosion.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Corrosion is the slow damage of metal or stone by water, air or chemicals, such as iron turning to rust.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:corrosion:m1:1
# text = Corrosion is the slow damage of metal or stone by water, air or chemicals, such as iron turning to rust.
1	Corrosion	corrosion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	slow	slow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	damage	damage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	chemicals	chemical	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	19	case	_	_
18	as	as	ADP	IN	_	17	fixed	_	_
19	iron	iron	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
20	turning	turn	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	19	acl	_	_
21	to	to	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	rust	rust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Corrosion | the slow damage and air or chemicals such iron |  |  |  | of metal or stone; by water | tree rules |
| 2 | **turn** | gerund | iron *not said here* |  |  | rust |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme to rust=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Corrosion can be any slow wearing away or destruction of something.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:corrosion:m2:1
# text = Corrosion can be any slow wearing away or destruction of something.
1	Corrosion	corrosion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux	_	_
4	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	6	nsubj	_	_
5	slow	slow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	wearing	wear	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
7	away	away	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	destruction	destruction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear away** | can · progressive | Corrosion |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **destroy** |  |  | something |  |  |  |  | nom destruction «act transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Corrosion has eaten holes in the old metal gate.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:corrosion:x1:1
# text = Corrosion has eaten holes in the old metal gate.
1	Corrosion	corrosion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	eaten	eat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	holes	hole	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	gate	gate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | present · perfect · passive |  | Corrosion |  | the old metal gate |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Salt on winter roads speeds up corrosion of cars.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:corrosion:x2:1
# text = Salt on winter roads speeds up corrosion of cars.
1	Salt	salt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	on	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	roads	road	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
5	speeds	speed	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	up	up	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	corrosion	corrosion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	cars	car	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speed up** | present | Salt on winter roads | corrosion of cars |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent corrosion=Agent |
| 2 | **corrode** |  | cars |  |  |  |  |  | nom corrosion «state intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Paint protects the bridge from corrosion.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:corrosion:x3:1
# text = Paint protects the bridge from corrosion.
1	Paint	paint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	protects	protect	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	bridge	bridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	corrosion	corrosion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **protect** | present | Paint | the bridge |  |  |  | from corrosion | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent bridge=Beneficiary from corrosion=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In our experiment, the iron nail in salty water showed the most corrosion.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:corrosion:x4:1
# text = In our experiment, the iron nail in salty water showed the most corrosion.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	experiment	experiment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	iron	iron	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	nail	nail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	salty	salty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	showed	show	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	14	advmod	_	_
14	corrosion	corrosion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | past | the iron nail in salty water | the corrosion |  |  |  | in our experiment | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent corrosion=Patient in experiment=Topic |
| 2 | **experiment** |  | our |  |  |  |  |  | nom experiment «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Gold does not suffer from corrosion, so it stays shiny.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:corrosion:x5:1
# text = Gold does not suffer from corrosion, so it stays shiny.
1	Gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	suffer	suffer	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	corrosion	corrosion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	so	so	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	stays	stay	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
11	shiny	shiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **suffer** | present · do-support | Gold |  |  | corrosion |  |  | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **stay** | present | Gold |  |  |  |  | shiny *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The battery leaked, and corrosion ruined the remote control.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:corrosion:x6:1
# text = The battery leaked, and corrosion ruined the remote control.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	battery	battery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	leaked	leak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	corrosion	corrosion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	ruined	ruin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	remote	remote	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	control	control	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leak** | past | the battery |  |  |  |  |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Source |
| 2 | **ruin** | past | corrosion | the remote control |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent control=Patient |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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