---
title: cortisol — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «cortisol» in the school dictionary: Cortisol is a hormone, a chemical messenger made by the body, that helps it deal with stress and controls energy, sleep and waking. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# cortisol

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Cortisol, that, body, you, small glands, Doctors · **What happens:** be, make, help, deal, control, wake · **To what, where:** hormone, chemical messenger, Cortisol, energy, body, cortisol levels

<!-- .vabout -->
«cortisol» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [cortisol in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/cortisol.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cortisol is a hormone, a chemical messenger made by the body, that helps it deal with stress and controls energy, sleep and waking.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cortisol:m1:1
# text = Cortisol is a hormone, a chemical messenger made by the body, that helps it deal with stress and controls energy, sleep and waking.
1	Cortisol	cortisol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	hormone	hormone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	chemical	chemical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	messenger	messenger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	_
9	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
15	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	_
17	deal	deal	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	xcomp	_	_
18	with	with	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	stress	stress	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	controls	control	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	conj	_	_
22	energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
24	sleep	sleep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	conj	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	waking	wake	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	22	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Cortisol | a hormone |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  | a chemical messenger *not said here* |  |  |  | by the body | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 3 | **help** | present | that | Cortisol |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent it=Beneficiary clause=Theme |
| 4 | **deal** | infinitive | Cortisol *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with stress | vn cope-83 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent with stress=Theme |
| 5 | **control** | present | that *not said here* | energy and sleep |  |  |  |  | vn enforce-63 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Theme |
| 6 | **wake** | gerund | that *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cortisol helps your body wake up in the morning.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cortisol:x1:1
# text = Cortisol helps your body wake up in the morning.
1	Cortisol	cortisol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	wake	wake	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
6	up	up	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | Cortisol | your body |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent body=Beneficiary clause=Theme |
| 2 | **wake up** | infinitive | your body *not said here* |  |  |  | morning |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
When you feel stressed before a test, your cortisol goes up.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cortisol:x2:1
# text = When you feel stressed before a test, your cortisol goes up.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	3	advmod	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	feel	feel	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	advcl	_	_
4	stressed	stress	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	xcomp	_	_
5	before	before	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
9	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	cortisol	cortisol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	up	up	ADP	RP	_	11	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **stress** | participle | you *not said here* |  |  |  | before a test |  | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **go up** | present | your cortisol |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cortisol is made by small glands above the kidneys.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cortisol:x3:1
# text = Cortisol is made by small glands above the kidneys.
1	Cortisol	cortisol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	glands	gland	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	above	above	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	kidneys	kidney	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive | small glands above the kidneys | Cortisol |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset subject=Product |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Doctors can measure cortisol with a blood test.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cortisol:x4:1
# text = Doctors can measure cortisol with a blood test.
1	Doctors	doctor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	measure	measure	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	cortisol	cortisol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **measure** | can | Doctors | cortisol |  |  |  | with a blood test | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme cortisol=Value |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Exercise and sleep help keep cortisol levels healthy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cortisol:x5:1
# text = Exercise and sleep help keep cortisol levels healthy.
1	Exercise	exercise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	sleep	sleep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	help	help	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
6	cortisol	cortisol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	levels	level	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
8	healthy	healthy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | Exercise and sleep |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **keep** | infinitive | Exercise and sleep *not said here* | cortisol levels |  |  |  | healthy *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent level=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cortisol and adrenaline both help the body react to danger.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cortisol:x6:1
# text = Cortisol and adrenaline both help the body react to danger.
1	Cortisol	cortisol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	adrenaline	adrenaline	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	both	both	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc:preconj	_	_
5	help	help	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	react	react	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	danger	danger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | Cortisol and adrenaline | the body |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent body=Beneficiary clause=Theme |
| 2 | **react** | infinitive | the body *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to danger | vn respond-113 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to danger=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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