---
title: cosmetic — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «cosmetic» in the school dictionary: Cosmetics are things like make-up, face cream and lipstick that people put on to look nicer. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# cosmetic

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Cosmetics, people, Cosmetic, something, it, Cosmetic surgery · **What happens:** be, face, put on, look, mean, do · **To what, where:** things, cream, operation, cosmetics, little bag, room

<!-- .vabout -->
«cosmetic» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [cosmetic in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/cosmetic.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cosmetics are things like make-up, face cream and lipstick that people put on to look nicer.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cosmetic:m1:1
# text = Cosmetics are things like make-up, face cream and lipstick that people put on to look nicer.
1	Cosmetics	cosmetic	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
4	like	like	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	make	make	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	up	up	ADP	RP	_	5	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	face	face	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
10	cream	cream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	lipstick	lipstick	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
13	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	obj	_	_
14	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj	_	_
15	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
16	on	on	ADP	RP	_	15	compound:prt	_	_
17	to	to	PART	TO	_	18	mark	_	_
18	look	look	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	advcl	_	_
19	nicer	nice	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	18	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Cosmetics | things |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **face** | infinitive |  | cream and lipstick |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme cream=Destination |
| 3 | **put on** | past | people | cream and lipstick |  |  |  |  | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent that=Goal |
| 4 | **look** | to-infinitive | people *not said here* |  |  |  |  | nice *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: adjective — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cosmetic means done only to improve how something looks, not how it works: «a cosmetic change».

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cosmetic:m2:1
# text = Cosmetic means done only to improve how something looks, not how it works: «a cosmetic change».
1	Cosmetic	cosmetic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	xcomp	_	_
4	only	only	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	improve	improve	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
7	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
8	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	9	nsubj	_	_
9	looks	look	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	14	advmod	_	_
12	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	14	advmod	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	works	work	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
16	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	cosmetic	cosmetic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	change	change	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Cosmetic |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **do** *not said to happen* | participle | Cosmetic *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **improve** | to-infinitive | Cosmetic *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **look** | present | something |  |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 5 | **not** **work** | present | it |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cosmetic surgery is an operation to change how someone looks.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cosmetic:m3:1
# text = Cosmetic surgery is an operation to change how someone looks.
1	Cosmetic	cosmetic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	surgery	surgery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	operation	operation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	change	change	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl	_	_
8	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	10	advmod	_	_
9	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	10	nsubj	_	_
10	looks	look	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Cosmetic surgery | a operation |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **change** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **look** | present | someone |  |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum keeps her cosmetics in a little bag.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cosmetic:x1:1
# text = Mum keeps her cosmetics in a little bag.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	cosmetics	cosmetic	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	bag	bag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present | Mum | Mum's cosmetics |  | a little bag |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent cosmetic=Theme in bag=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The scratch on the car is only cosmetic.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cosmetic:x2:1
# text = The scratch on the car is only cosmetic.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	scratch	scratch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	only	only	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	cosmetic	cosmetic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the scratch on the car |  |  |  |  | cosmetic *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They gave the room a cosmetic makeover with new paint.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cosmetic:x3:1
# text = They gave the room a cosmetic makeover with new paint.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	cosmetic	cosmetic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	makeover	makeover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	paint	paint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | They | the room |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent room=Recipient makeover=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some cosmetics are tested to make sure they are safe for skin.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cosmetic:x4:1
# text = Some cosmetics are tested to make sure they are safe for skin.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	cosmetics	cosmetic	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	tested	test	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
7	sure	sure	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	safe	safe	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	ccomp	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **test** | present · passive |  | some cosmetics |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **make** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | sure *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 3 | **is** | present | cosmetics *= cosmetic* |  |  |  |  | for skin; safe *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Changing the name was just a cosmetic change.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cosmetic:x5:1
# text = Changing the name was just a cosmetic change.
1	Changing	change	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	csubj	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
5	just	just	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	cosmetic	cosmetic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	change	change	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | gerund |  | the name |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent name=Patient |
| 2 | **is a** | past | Changing | a cosmetic change |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cosmetic surgery can change the shape of a nose.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cosmetic:x6:1
# text = Cosmetic surgery can change the shape of a nose.
1	Cosmetic	cosmetic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	surgery	surgery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	change	change	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	shape	shape	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	nose	nose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | can | Cosmetic surgery | the shape of a nose |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shape=Patient |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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