---
title: cosmic — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «cosmic» in the school dictionary: Of or from the universe or outer space beyond the Earth: «cosmic rays», «cosmic dust». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# cosmic

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** That, Cosmic rays, comet, Losing, hero, mess · **What happens:** be, come, expose, leave, lose, feel · **To what, where:** space, Astronauts, more cosmic radiation, trail, homework, bus

<!-- .vabout -->
«cosmic» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [cosmic in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/cosmic.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Of or from the universe or outer space beyond the Earth: «cosmic rays», «cosmic dust».

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cosmic:m1:1
# text = Of or from the universe or outer space beyond the Earth: «cosmic rays», «cosmic dust».
1	Of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
2	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	universe	universe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	outer	outer	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
9	beyond	beyond	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	cosmic	cosmic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	rays	ray	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	cosmic	cosmic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	dust	dust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Very great in size or importance: «a disaster of cosmic proportions».

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cosmic:m2:1
# text = Very great in size or importance: «a disaster of cosmic proportions».
1	Very	very	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	size	size	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	importance	importance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
8	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	disaster	disaster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	cosmic	cosmic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	proportions	proportion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal, slang, old-fashioned — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Amazing, mind-blowing or dreamy: «That's cosmic, man».

<!-- fold The tree, 9 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cosmic:m3:1
# text = Amazing, mind-blowing or dreamy: «That's cosmic, man».
1	Amazing	amazing	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
3	mind	mind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	blowing	blowing	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	list	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	dreamy	dreamy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	That	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	12	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
12	cosmic	cosmic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | present | That |  |  |  |  | cosmic *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cosmic rays come from far out in space.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cosmic:x1:1
# text = Cosmic rays come from far out in space.
1	Cosmic	cosmic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	rays	ray	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	6	advmod	_	_
6	out	out	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | Cosmic rays |  |  | space |  | out *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in space=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Astronauts are exposed to more cosmic radiation than people on Earth.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cosmic:x2:1
# text = Astronauts are exposed to more cosmic radiation than people on Earth.
1	Astronauts	astronaut	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	exposed	expose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	7	amod	_	_
6	cosmic	cosmic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	radiation	radiation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	than	than	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **expose** | present · passive |  | Astronauts | more cosmic radiation than people on Earth |  |  |  | vn reflexive\_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Theme to radiation=Recipient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The comet left a trail of cosmic dust.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cosmic:x3:1
# text = The comet left a trail of cosmic dust.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	comet	comet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	trail	trail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	cosmic	cosmic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	dust	dust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | past | the comet | a trail of cosmic dust |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trail=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Losing my homework on the bus felt like a cosmic joke.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cosmic:x4:1
# text = Losing my homework on the bus felt like a cosmic joke.
1	Losing	lose	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	csubj	_	_
2	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	homework	homework	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	bus	bus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
7	felt	feel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	like	like	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	cosmic	cosmic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	joke	joke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lose** | gerund |  | my homework |  | the bus |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent homework=Eventuality |
| 2 | **feel** | past | Losing |  |  |  |  | like a cosmic joke | vn conjecture-29.5-2 «NP V S»: agent=Agent like joke=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the comic, the hero got cosmic powers from a meteor.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cosmic:x5:1
# text = In the comic, the hero got cosmic powers from a meteor.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	comic	comic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	hero	hero	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	cosmic	cosmic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	powers	power	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
10	from	from	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	meteor	meteor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | past | the hero | cosmic powers |  | the comic |  | from a meteor | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent power=Theme from meteor=Source |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The mess in my room was of cosmic proportions!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cosmic:x6:1
# text = The mess in my room was of cosmic proportions!
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	mess	mess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	cosmic	cosmic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	proportions	proportion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the mess in my room |  |  |  |  | of cosmic proportions | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Big Bang left a faint cosmic glow we can still measure.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cosmic:x7:1
# text = The Big Bang left a faint cosmic glow we can still measure.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Big	Big	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	Bang	Bang	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	faint	faint	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	cosmic	cosmic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	glow	glow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
9	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
10	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
11	still	still	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	measure	measure	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | past | the Big Bang | a faint cosmic glow |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent glow=Theme |
| 2 | **measure** | can | we | a faint cosmic glow *not said here* |  |  | still |  | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme glow=Value |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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