---
title: cowshed — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «cowshed» in the school dictionary: A cowshed is a farm building where cows are kept, fed or milked, especially in winter. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# cowshed

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** cowshed, farmer, cows, We, our, bedroom · **What happens:** be, keep, feed, milk, lead, smell · **To what, where:** farm building, cows, cowshed, calves, old cowshed, holiday cottage · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«cowshed» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [cowshed in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/cowshed.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A cowshed is a farm building where cows are kept, fed or milked, especially in winter.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cowshed:m1:1
# text = A cowshed is a farm building where cows are kept, fed or milked, especially in winter.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cowshed	cowshed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	farm	farm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	building	building	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	10	advmod	_	_
8	cows	cow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	kept	keep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	fed	feed	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	conj	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	milked	milk	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a cowshed | a farm building |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **keep** | present · passive |  | cows |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 3 | **feed** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn gorge-39.6 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **milk** | participle |  |  |  |  | winter |  | vn cheat-10.6.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The farmer led the cows into the cowshed before the storm.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cowshed:x1:1
# text = The farmer led the cows into the cowshed before the storm.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	farmer	farmer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	led	lead	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	cows	cow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	cowshed	cowshed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	before	before	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lead** | past | the farmer | the cows |  | the cowshed | before the storm |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent cow=Theme into cowshed=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cowshed smelled of hay and milk.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cowshed:x2:1
# text = The cowshed smelled of hay and milk.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cowshed	cowshed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	smelled	smell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	hay	hay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **smell** | past | the cowshed |  |  |  |  | of hay and milk | vn smell\_emission-43.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Location of hay=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In winter the cows stay in the cowshed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cowshed:x3:1
# text = In winter the cows stay in the cowshed.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	cows	cow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	stay	stay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	cowshed	cowshed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay** | present | the cows |  |  | the cowshed | winter |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in cowshed=Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We saw the calves in the cowshed on our school trip.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cowshed:x4:1
# text = We saw the calves in the cowshed on our school trip.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	calves	calf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	cowshed	cowshed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
10	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	trip	trip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | We | the calves |  | the cowshed on our school trip |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer calf=Stimulus |
| 2 | **trip** |  | our |  |  |  |  |  | nom trip «act transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Your bedroom looks like a cowshed! said Mum.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cowshed:x5:1
# text = Your bedroom looks like a cowshed! said Mum.
1	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	bedroom	bedroom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	looks	look	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	like	like	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	cowshed	cowshed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
9	Mum	Mum	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | present | Your bedroom |  |  |  |  | like a cowshed | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Mum |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old cowshed has been turned into a holiday cottage.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cowshed:x6:1
# text = The old cowshed has been turned into a holiday cottage.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	cowshed	cowshed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	turned	turn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	into	into	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	holiday	holiday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	cottage	cottage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | present · perfect · passive |  | the old cowshed |  | a holiday cottage |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: subject=Theme into cottage=Trajectory |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then he would go into the cowsheds and unfasten the chains that fixed each beast in its own stall, and let them fall with a heavy clang to the ground.

<!-- fold The tree, 30 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cowshed:x7:1
# text = Then he would go into the cowsheds and unfasten the chains that fixed each beast in its own stall, and let them fall with a heavy clang to the ground.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	cowsheds	cowshed	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	unfasten	unfasten	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	chains	chain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
12	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
13	fixed	fix	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
14	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	15	det	_	_
15	beast	beast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
18	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	stall	stall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
23	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	obj	_	_
24	fall	fall	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	xcomp	_	_
25	with	with	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	clang	clang	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	_
29	to	to	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | would | he |  |  | the cowsheds | then |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into cowshed=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **unfasten** | infinitive | he *not said here* | the chains |  |  |  |  | vn disassemble-23.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chain=Patient |
| 3 | **fix** | past | the chains | each beast |  | beast's own stall |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent beast=Patient |
| 4 | **let** | infinitive |  | chains *= chain* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **fall** | infinitive | chains *= chain* *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with a heavy clang to the ground | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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