---
title: coyote — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «coyote» in the school dictionary: A coyote is a wild animal of the dog family, smaller than a wolf, with grey-brown fur, big ears and a bushy tail, found across North and Central America. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# coyote

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** coyote, We, coyotes, you, Iktomi · **What happens:** be, find, pay, smuggle, hear, howl · **To what, where:** wild animal, grey brown fur, North, person, people, border

<!-- .vabout -->
«coyote» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [coyote in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/coyote.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A coyote is a wild animal of the dog family, smaller than a wolf, with grey-brown fur, big ears and a bushy tail, found across North and Central America.

<!-- fold The tree, 30 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:coyote:m1:1
# text = A coyote is a wild animal of the dog family, smaller than a wolf, with grey-brown fur, big ears and a bushy tail, found across North and Central America.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	coyote	coyote	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	wild	wild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	smaller	small	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	6	amod	_	_
13	than	than	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	wolf	wolf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
17	with	with	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
18	grey	grey	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	brown	brown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	fur	fur	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	ears	ear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	conj	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	bushy	bushy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	tail	tail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
30	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	21	acl	_	_
31	across	across	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	North	North	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
34	Central	Central	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	35	flat	_	_
35	America	America	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a coyote | a wild animal and grey brown fur and big ears and a bushy tail |  |  |  | of the dog family | tree rules |
| 2 | **find** | participle |  | grey brown fur and big ears and a bushy tail *not said here* |  | North and Central America |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: US, slang — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A coyote is also a person paid to smuggle people secretly across the border from Mexico into the USA.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:coyote:m2:1
# text = A coyote is also a person paid to smuggle people secretly across the border from Mexico into the USA.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	coyote	coyote	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	paid	pay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	smuggle	smuggle	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
10	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
11	secretly	secretly	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
12	across	across	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	border	border	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
15	from	from	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Mexico	Mexico	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
17	into	into	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	USA	USA	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a coyote | a person |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pay** | participle |  | a person *not said here* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **smuggle** | to-infinitive |  | people |  | the border from Mexico |  | into the USA; secretly *property* | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We heard coyotes howling in the desert at night.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:coyote:x1:1
# text = We heard coyotes howling in the desert at night.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	coyotes	coyote	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	howling	howl	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	acl	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	desert	desert	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | past | We | coyotes |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer coyote=Stimulus |
| 2 | **howl** | gerund | coyotes *not said here* |  |  |  | night | in the desert | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in desert=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Coyotes now live in many cities in North America.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:coyote:x2:1
# text = Coyotes now live in many cities in North America.
1	Coyotes	coyote	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
3	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	North	North	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	America	America	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | present | Coyotes |  |  | many cities in North America | now |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in city=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The coyote hunted mice in the field.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:coyote:x3:1
# text = The coyote hunted mice in the field.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	coyote	coyote	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	hunted	hunt	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	mice	mouse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hunt** | past | the coyote | mice |  | the field |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent mouse=Theme in field=Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A coyote is smaller than a wolf.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:coyote:x4:1
# text = A coyote is smaller than a wolf.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	coyote	coyote	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	smaller	small	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
5	than	than	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	wolf	wolf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a coyote |  |  |  |  | than a wolf; small *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In Native American tales, Coyote is a trickster.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:coyote:x5:1
# text = In Native American tales, Coyote is a trickster.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	Native	native	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	American	American	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	tales	tale	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	Coyote	coyote	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	trickster	trickster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Coyote | a trickster |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the cartoon, the coyote never catches the Road Runner.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:coyote:x6:1
# text = In the cartoon, the coyote never catches the Road Runner.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	coyote	coyote	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
7	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
8	catches	catch	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	Road	Road	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	Runner	Runner	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **catch** | present | the coyote | the Road Runner |  | the cartoon |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent runner=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Keep small pets inside at night if coyotes live nearby.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:coyote:x7:1
# text = Keep small pets inside at night if coyotes live nearby.
1	Keep	keep	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	pets	pet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	inside	inside	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
7	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	coyotes	coyote	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
9	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
10	nearby	nearby	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | imperative | you *not said here* | small pets |  |  | night | inside *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pet=Theme |
| 2 | **live** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | coyotes |  |  |  |  | nearby *property* | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Now Iktomi returned to the coyote who had been looking on through his eyelashes.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:coyote:x8:1
# text = Now Iktomi returned to the coyote who had been looking on through his eyelashes.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	Iktomi	Iktomi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	returned	return	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	coyote	coyote	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
8	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
9	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	aux	_	_
10	looking	look	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	acl:relcl	_	_
11	on	on	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	_
12	through	through	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	eyelashes	eyelash	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **return** | past | Iktomi |  |  |  | now | to the coyote *result* | vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient to coyote=Result |
| 2 | **look on** | past · perfect · progressive | the coyote |  |  |  |  | through Iktomi's eyelashes | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent through eyelash=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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