---
title: cpr — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «cpr» in the school dictionary: CPR stands for cardiopulmonary resuscitation: first aid for someone whose heart has stopped and who is not breathing, done by pushing hard and fast on the middle of their chest, sometimes with rescue breaths. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and prag
---

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# cpr

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** CPR, heart, lifeguard, ambulance, We, you · **What happens:** stand, stop, not breathe, do, push, say · **To what, where:** first aid, It, CPR, him, dummy, middle · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«cpr» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [cpr in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/cpr.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
CPR stands for cardiopulmonary resuscitation: first aid for someone whose heart has stopped and who is not breathing, done by pushing hard and fast on the middle of their chest, sometimes with rescue breaths.

<!-- fold The tree, 34 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cpr:m1:1
# text = CPR stands for cardiopulmonary resuscitation: first aid for someone whose heart has stopped and who is not breathing, done by pushing hard and fast on the middle of their chest, sometimes with rescue breaths.
1	CPR	cpr	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	stands	stand	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	cardiopulmonary	cardiopulmonary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	resuscitation	resuscitation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	8	amod	_	_
8	aid	aid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	8	nmod	_	_
11	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
13	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	stopped	stop	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	acl:relcl	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
16	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	19	nsubj	_	_
17	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
18	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	19	advmod	_	_
19	breathing	breathe	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl:relcl	_	_
22	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
23	pushing	push	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	21	advcl	_	_
24	hard	hard	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	23	advmod	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	24	conj	_	_
27	on	on	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	middle	middle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	32	nmod:poss	_	_
32	chest	chest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
34	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	37	advmod	_	_
35	with	with	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	rescue	rescue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	compound	_	_
37	breaths	breath	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | present | CPR |  |  |  |  | for cardiopulmonary resuscitation | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer for resuscitation=Attribute |
| 2 | **stop** | present · perfect | heart |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 3 | **not** **breathe** | present · progressive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **do** | participle |  | first aid for someone *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **push** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | with rescue breaths; on the middle of their chest; hard *property* | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent on middle=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is said as three letters: «C-P-R».

<!-- fold The tree, 9 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cpr:m2:1
# text = It is said as three letters: «C-P-R».
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	as	as	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
8	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	C	c	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	P	p	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	R	R	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  | as three letters | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The lifeguard gave him CPR until the ambulance came.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cpr:x1:1
# text = The lifeguard gave him CPR until the ambulance came.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lifeguard	lifeguard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	iobj	_	_
5	CPR	cpr	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	ambulance	ambulance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | the lifeguard | CPR | him *= he* |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient cpr=Theme |
| 2 | **come** | past | the ambulance |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We learned CPR on a dummy at school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cpr:x2:1
# text = We learned CPR on a dummy at school.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	learned	learn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	CPR	cpr	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	dummy	dummy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | past | We | CPR |  | a dummy at school |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cpr=Topic |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Push hard and fast in the middle of the chest when you do CPR.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cpr:x3:1
# text = Push hard and fast in the middle of the chest when you do CPR.
1	Push	push	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	hard	hard	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	1	advmod	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	middle	middle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	chest	chest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	13	advmod	_	_
12	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	do	do	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
14	CPR	cpr	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **push** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | the middle of the chest |  | hard *property* | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent in middle=Trajectory |
| 2 | **do** | present | you | CPR |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cpr=Eventuality |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Call for help before you start CPR.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cpr:x4:1
# text = Call for help before you start CPR.
1	Call	call	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	for	for	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
4	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	start	start	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
7	CPR	cpr	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for help | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient S\_INF»: agent=Agent for help=Recipient |
| 2 | **start** | present | you | CPR |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cpr=Eventuality |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad took a CPR course at work.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cpr:x5:1
# text = Dad took a CPR course at work.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	CPR	cpr	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | Dad | a CPR course |  | work |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent course=Theme at work=Asset |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
CPR helped save the footballer's life.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cpr:x6:1
# text = CPR helped save the footballer's life.
1	CPR	cpr	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	helped	help	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	save	save	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	footballer	footballer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | past | CPR |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **save** | infinitive | CPR *not said here* | the footballer's life |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent life=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The song «Stayin' Alive» has about the right beat for CPR.

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cpr:x7:1
# text = The song «Stayin' Alive» has about the right beat for CPR.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	song	song	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	Stayin	Stayin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
6	Alive	alive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
8	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	about	about	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	beat	beat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
13	for	for	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	CPR	cpr	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the song |  |  |  |  | about the right beat for CPR | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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