---
title: crackle — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «crackle» in the school dictionary: To crackle is to make a lot of short, sharp, small sounds, like a fire burning or paper being crushed. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# crackle

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** fire, crackle, logs, radio, I, crisp packet · **What happens:** crackle, be, burn, crush, mean, go · **To what, where:** one, fireplace, Dry leaves, boots, crackle, air · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«crackle» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [crackle in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/crackle.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To crackle is to make a lot of short, sharp, small sounds, like a fire burning or paper being crushed.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crackle:m1:1
# text = To crackle is to make a lot of short, sharp, small sounds, like a fire burning or paper being crushed.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	crackle	crackle	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	lot	lot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
9	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
11	sharp	sharp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
13	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	sounds	sound	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	like	like	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
19	burning	burn	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
20	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	conj	_	_
22	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	23	aux:pass	_	_
23	crushed	crush	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crackle** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | make *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **burn** | gerund | a fire |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **crush** | gerund · passive | a fire *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle» |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A crackle is one of these sounds, or a series of them.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crackle:m2:1
# text = A crackle is one of these sounds, or a series of them.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	crackle	crackle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	7	det	_	_
7	sounds	sound	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	series	series	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a crackle | one or a series of sounds |  |  |  | of this sounds | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To crackle with something (excitement, energy) means to be full of it.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crackle:m3:1
# text = To crackle with something (excitement, energy) means to be full of it.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	crackle	crackle	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	csubj	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obl	_	_
5	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	excitement	excitement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	6	punct	_	_
10	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
12	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	cop	_	_
13	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	ccomp	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crackle** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | with something | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with something=Theme |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | of energy; full *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The logs crackled in the fireplace.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crackle:x1:1
# text = The logs crackled in the fireplace.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	logs	log	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	crackled	crackle	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	fireplace	fireplace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crackle** | past | the logs |  |  | the fireplace |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in fireplace=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dry leaves crackled under our boots.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crackle:x2:1
# text = Dry leaves crackled under our boots.
1	Dry	dry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	crackled	crackle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	under	under	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	boots	boot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crackle** | participle |  | Dry leaves *not said here* |  | our boots |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under boot=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The radio crackled and then went silent.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crackle:x3:1
# text = The radio crackled and then went silent.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	radio	radio	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	crackled	crackle	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	6	advmod	_	_
6	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
7	silent	silent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crackle** | past | the radio |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **go** | past | the radio *not said here* |  |  |  | then | silent *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I heard the crackle of a crisp packet.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crackle:x4:1
# text = I heard the crackle of a crisp packet.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	crackle	crackle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	crisp	crisp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	packet	packet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | past | I | the crackle of a crisp packet |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer crackle=Stimulus |
| 2 | **crackle** |  | a crisp packet |  |  |  |  |  | nom crackle «event intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The air crackled with excitement before the match.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crackle:x5:1
# text = The air crackled with excitement before the match.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	crackled	crackle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	excitement	excitement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	before	before	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	match	match	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crackle** | participle |  | the air *not said here* |  | the match |  | with excitement | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme before match=Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rice cereal crackles when you pour milk on it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crackle:x6:1
# text = Rice cereal crackles when you pour milk on it.
1	Rice	rice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	cereal	cereal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	crackles	crackle	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	pour	pour	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
7	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crackle** | present | Rice cereal |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **pour** | present | you | milk |  | cereal |  |  | vn preparing-26.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent milk=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We sat by the crackling campfire.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crackle:x7:1
# text = We sat by the crackling campfire.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	crackling	crackle	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	amod	_	_
6	campfire	campfire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | past | We |  |  |  |  | by the crackling campfire | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by campfire=Location |
| 2 | **crackle** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The badger, hearing the crackle of the burning grass, asked, “What is that?”

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crackle:x8:1
# text = The badger, hearing the crackle of the burning grass, asked, “What is that?”
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	badger	badger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	hearing	hear	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	crackle	crackle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	burning	burning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	17	obj	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
17	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | gerund | the badger *not said here* | the crackle of the burning grass |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer crackle=Stimulus |
| 2 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | the badger |  |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is a** *in a quote* | present |  | that |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **crackle** |  | the burning grass |  |  |  |  |  | nom crackle «event intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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