---
title: craftsman — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «craftsman» in the school dictionary: A person, traditionally a man, who is skilled at making things by hand, such as furniture, pots, jewellery or stone carvings: «a skilled craftsman». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/C/craftsman/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [C](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/C/) / craftsman

# craftsman

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** man, their, craftsman, Medieval craftsmen, master craftsman, Swiss craftsman · **What happens:** be, make, do, work, carve, build · **To what, where:** things, work, wooden chair, great cathedrals, young apprentices, clock

<!-- .vabout -->
«craftsman» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [craftsman in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/craftsman.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person, traditionally a man, who is skilled at making things by hand, such as furniture, pots, jewellery or stone carvings: «a skilled craftsman».

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:craftsman:m1:1
# text = A person, traditionally a man, who is skilled at making things by hand, such as furniture, pots, jewellery or stone carvings: «a skilled craftsman».
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	traditionally	traditionally	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	skilled	skilled	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	acl:relcl	_	_
11	at	at	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
12	making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	advcl	_	_
13	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	_
14	by	by	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	19	case	_	_
18	as	as	ADP	IN	_	17	fixed	_	_
19	furniture	furniture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	pots	pot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	jewellery	jewellery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
24	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
25	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	_
26	carvings	carving	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	31	punct	_	_
28	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	31	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
30	skilled	skilled	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	craftsman	craftsman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	31	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a man |  |  |  |  | skilled *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | gerund | a man *not said here* | things |  |  |  | by hand and furniture | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset thing=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Anyone who does their work with great care and skill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:craftsman:m2:1
# text = Anyone who does their work with great care and skill.
1	Anyone	anyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	0	root	_	_
2	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
3	does	do	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	acl:relcl	_	_
4	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	care	care	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	skill	skill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | present |  | their work |  |  |  | with great care and skill | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent work=Eventuality |
| 2 | **work** |  | their *= they* |  |  |  |  |  | nom work «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The craftsman carved the wooden chair by hand.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:craftsman:x1:1
# text = The craftsman carved the wooden chair by hand.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	craftsman	craftsman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	carved	carve	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	wooden	wooden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	chair	chair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carve** | past | the craftsman | the wooden chair |  |  |  | by hand | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chair=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Medieval craftsmen built the great cathedrals.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:craftsman:x2:1
# text = Medieval craftsmen built the great cathedrals.
1	Medieval	medieval	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	craftsmen	craftsman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	built	build	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	cathedrals	cathedral	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **build** | past | Medieval craftsmen | the great cathedrals |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset cathedral=Product |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A master craftsman trained young apprentices.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:craftsman:x3:1
# text = A master craftsman trained young apprentices.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	master	master	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	craftsman	craftsman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	trained	train	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	apprentices	apprentice	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **train** | past | a master craftsman | young apprentices |  |  |  |  | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent apprentice=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The clock was made by a Swiss craftsman.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:craftsman:x4:1
# text = The clock was made by a Swiss craftsman.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	clock	clock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	Swiss	Swiss	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	craftsman	craftsman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past · passive | a Swiss craftsman | the clock |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset subject=Product |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Look at the craftsmanship in this old table!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:craftsman:x5:1
# text = Look at the craftsmanship in this old table!
1	Look	look	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	at	at	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	craftsmanship	craftsmanship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	8	det	_	_
7	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | in this old table; at the craftsmanship | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at craftsmanship=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Joseph, in the Bible, was a craftsman who worked with wood.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:craftsman:x6:1
# text = Joseph, in the Bible, was a craftsman who worked with wood.
1	Joseph	Joseph	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Bible	Bible	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	craftsman	craftsman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
11	worked	work	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Joseph and the Bible | a craftsman |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **work** | past | a craftsman |  |  |  |  | with wood | vn cooperate-73.1-3 «NP V PP.co-agent PP.theme»: agent=Agent with wood=Co-Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The stained glass was made by a local craftsman.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:craftsman:x7:1
# text = The stained glass was made by a local craftsman.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	stained	stain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	amod	_	_
3	glass	glass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	local	local	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	craftsman	craftsman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stain** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **make** | past · passive | a local craftsman | the stained glass |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset subject=Product |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"A master craftsman--you are a master, of course?--can see in a minute what's wrong," the dragon went on.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:craftsman:x8:1
# text = "A master craftsman--you are a master, of course?--can see in a minute what's wrong," the dragon went on.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	master	master	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	craftsman	craftsman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	master	master	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	minute	minute	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
20	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	22	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	cop	_	_
22	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	27	punct	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	dragon	dragon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	_
27	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	conj	_	_
28	on	on	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | you | a master |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **see** *in a quote* | can | a master craftsman and course |  |  |  | minute |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **is** *in a quote* | present | a minute |  |  |  |  | wrong *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **go on** | past | the dragon |  |  |  |  |  | vn function-105.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [craftiness](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/C/craftiness/)
- next →: [craftsperson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/C/craftsperson/)
- ↑ back to [C in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/C/)