---
title: cremation — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «cremation» in the school dictionary: Cremation is burning a dead person's body to ashes, as a respectful way of saying goodbye instead of burying it. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# cremation

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Cremation, respectful way, this, Grandpa, ashes, We · **What happens:** burn, say, bury, be, happen, want · **To what, where:** body, goodbye, ceremony, crematorium, cremation, place · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«cremation» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [cremation in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/cremation.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cremation is burning a dead person's body to ashes, as a respectful way of saying goodbye instead of burying it.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cremation:m1:1
# text = Cremation is burning a dead person's body to ashes, as a respectful way of saying goodbye instead of burying it.
1	Cremation	cremation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	burning	burn	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	15	csubj	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	ashes	ash	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	as	as	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	respectful	respectful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
16	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
17	saying	say	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	15	acl	_	_
18	goodbye	goodbye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
19	instead	instead	ADV	RB	ExtPos=SCONJ	21	mark	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	fixed	_	_
21	burying	bury	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	17	advcl	_	_
22	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **burn** | present · progressive | Cremation | a dead person's body |  |  |  | to ashes | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent body=Theme |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | a respectful way *not said here* | goodbye |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent goodbye=Topic |
| 3 | **bury** | gerund | a respectful way *not said here* | goodbye |  |  |  |  | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A cremation is the ceremony or event when this happens, often at a crematorium after a funeral service.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cremation:m2:1
# text = A cremation is the ceremony or event when this happens, often at a crematorium after a funeral service.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cremation	cremation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	ceremony	ceremony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	event	event	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	10	advmod	_	_
9	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	10	nsubj	_	_
10	happens	happen	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	often	often	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
13	at	at	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	crematorium	crematorium	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
16	after	after	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	funeral	funeral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	_
19	service	service	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a cremation | the ceremony or event |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **happen** | present | this |  |  | a crematorium after a funeral service |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme at crematorium=Location |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandpa wanted a cremation, so his ashes are by the sea.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cremation:x1:1
# text = Grandpa wanted a cremation, so his ashes are by the sea.
1	Grandpa	Grandpa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wanted	want	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	cremation	cremation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
6	so	so	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	ashes	ash	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **want** | past | Grandpa | a cremation |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot cremation=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | Grandpa's ashes |  |  |  |  | by the sea | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cremation took place at the crematorium after the church service.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cremation:x2:1
# text = The cremation took place at the crematorium after the church service.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cremation	cremation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	crematorium	crematorium	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	after	after	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	church	church	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	service	service	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | the cremation | place |  | the crematorium | after the church service |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent place=Theme at crematorium=Asset |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We scattered Nan's ashes in her favourite garden.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cremation:x3:1
# text = We scattered Nan's ashes in her favourite garden.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	scattered	scatter	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Nan	Nan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	's	's	PART	POS	_	3	case	_	_
5	ashes	ash	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	favourite	favourite	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **scatter** | past | We | Nan's ashes |  | Nan's favourite garden |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent ash=Theme in garden=Destination |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In Hinduism, cremation is the usual custom.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cremation:x4:1
# text = In Hinduism, cremation is the usual custom.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	Hinduism	Hinduism	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	cremation	cremation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	usual	usual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	custom	custom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Hinduism cremation | the usual custom |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The family talked gently about whether to choose burial or cremation.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cremation:x5:1
# text = The family talked gently about whether to choose burial or cremation.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	talked	talk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	gently	gently	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	about	about	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
6	whether	whether	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	choose	choose	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
9	burial	burial	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	cremation	cremation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **talk** | past | the family |  |  |  |  | gently *property* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **choose** | to-infinitive | the family *not said here* | burial or cremation |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent burial=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After the cremation, people shared stories over tea.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cremation:x6:1
# text = After the cremation, people shared stories over tea.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	cremation	cremation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	shared	share	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	stories	story	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
8	over	over	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	tea	tea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **share** | past | people | stories |  | tea | after the cremation |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
But it is not certain that burial by cremation was universally practised by the heathen Slavonians.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cremation:x7:1
# text = But it is not certain that burial by cremation was universally practised by the heathen Slavonians.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	certain	certain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
7	burial	burial	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	cremation	cremation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
11	universally	universally	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	practised	practise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	advcl	_	_
13	by	by	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	heathen	heathen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
16	Slavonians	Slavonian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	15	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | present | it |  |  |  |  | certain *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **practise** | past · passive | the heathen | burial by cremation |  |  |  | universally *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **bury** |  | cremation |  |  |  |  |  | nom burial «event transitive»: by=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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