---
title: cricket — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «cricket» in the school dictionary: Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played by two teams of eleven players on a large field with a pitch in the middle, where a bowler bowls to a batter who tries to score runs. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# cricket

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Cricket, bowler, batter, grasshopper, We, He · **What happens:** be, play, bowl, try, score, run · **To what, where:** ball game, large field, batter, jumping insect, chirping sound, wings · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«cricket» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [cricket in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/cricket.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played by two teams of eleven players on a large field with a pitch in the middle, where a bowler bowls to a batter who tries to score runs.

<!-- fold The tree, 36 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cricket:m1:1
# text = Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played by two teams of eleven players on a large field with a pitch in the middle, where a bowler bowls to a batter who tries to score runs.
1	Cricket	cricket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
4	bat	bat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	played	play	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	_
11	by	by	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	13	nummod	_	_
13	teams	team	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	eleven	eleven	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	16	nummod	_	_
16	players	player	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	_
17	on	on	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
21	with	with	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	pitch	pitch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
24	in	in	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	middle	middle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
28	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	31	advmod	_	_
29	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	bowler	bowler	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nsubj	_	_
31	bowls	bowl	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	parataxis	_	_
32	to	to	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	batter	batter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	_
35	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	36	nsubj	_	_
36	tries	try	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	34	acl:relcl	_	_
37	to	to	PART	TO	_	38	mark	_	_
38	score	score	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	36	xcomp	_	_
39	runs	run	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	36	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Cricket | a ball game |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **play** | participle |  | a ball game *not said here* |  | a large field with a pitch |  | by two teams of eleven players; in the middle | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **bowl** | present | a bowler |  |  | a batter |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to batter=Destination |
| 4 | **try** | present | a batter |  |  |  |  |  | vn try-61.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 5 | **score** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | a batter *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **run** | present | a batter *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A cricket is a jumping insect, like a grasshopper, that makes a chirping sound by rubbing its wings.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cricket:m2:1
# text = A cricket is a jumping insect, like a grasshopper, that makes a chirping sound by rubbing its wings.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cricket	cricket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	jumping	jump	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	amod	_	_
6	insect	insect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	like	like	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	grasshopper	grasshopper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
13	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	chirping	chirp	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	16	amod	_	_
16	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
17	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
18	rubbing	rub	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	advcl	_	_
19	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	wings	wing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **jump** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | present | a cricket | a jumping insect |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **make** | present | a grasshopper | a chirping sound |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sound=Product |
| 4 | **chirp** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **rub** | gerund | a grasshopper *not said here* | cricket's wings |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent wing=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We play cricket in the summer holidays.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cricket:x1:1
# text = We play cricket in the summer holidays.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	play	play	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	cricket	cricket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	holidays	holiday	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **play** | present | We | cricket |  | the summer holidays |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cricket=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bowler took three wickets.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cricket:x2:1
# text = The bowler took three wickets.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bowler	bowler	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	wickets	wicket	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | the bowler | three wickets |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wicket=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He hit the ball for six in the cricket match.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cricket:x3:1
# text = He hit the ball for six in the cricket match.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	hit	hit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	six	six	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	obl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	cricket	cricket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	match	match	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hit** | past | He | the ball |  | the cricket match |  | for six | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent ball=Theme in match=Destination |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An over in cricket has six balls.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cricket:x4:1
# text = An over in cricket has six balls.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	over	over	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	cricket	cricket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	six	six	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	balls	ball	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | a cricket | six balls |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ball=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The crickets chirped all night.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cricket:x5:1
# text = The crickets chirped all night.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	crickets	cricket	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	chirped	chirp	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	det	_	_
5	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **chirp** | past | the crickets |  |  |  | night |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Crickets have long back legs for jumping.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cricket:x6:1
# text = Crickets have long back legs for jumping.
1	Crickets	cricket	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
4	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	jumping	jump	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Crickets | long back legs |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leg=Patient |
| 2 | **jump** | gerund | Crickets *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Australia and England play for the Ashes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cricket:x7:1
# text = Australia and England play for the Ashes.
1	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	England	England	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	play	play	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Ashes	ash	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **play** | present | Australia and England |  |  |  |  | for the Ashes | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: agent=Agent for ash=Eventuality |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We ate sandwiches at the cricket.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cricket:x8:1
# text = We ate sandwiches at the cricket.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	ate	eat	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	sandwiches	sandwich	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	cricket	cricket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | past | We | sandwiches |  | the cricket |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sandwich=Patient |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“Keep still, you ugly Cricket!” cried Pinocchio.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cricket:x9:1
# text = “Keep still, you ugly Cricket!” cried Pinocchio.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	ccomp	_	_
3	still	still	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
6	ugly	ugly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	Cricket	cricket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
10	cried	cry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	Pinocchio	Pinocchio	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | you |  |  | still |  | vn sustain-55.6-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent you=Theme cricket=Attribute |
| 2 | **cry** *speech: express* | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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