---
title: criminally — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «criminally» in the school dictionary: Criminally means in a way that breaks the law and is a crime. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# criminally

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** way, it, company, owner, we · **What happens:** mean, break, be, underrate, find, act · **To what, where:** law, crime, He, waste, river, film

<!-- .vabout -->
«criminally» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [criminally in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/criminally.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Criminally means in a way that breaks the law and is a crime.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:criminally:m1:1
# text = Criminally means in a way that breaks the law and is a crime.
1	Criminally	criminally	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	breaks	break	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	crime	crime	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | in a way; criminally *property* | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot in way=Attribute |
| 2 | **break** | present | a way | the law |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer law=Patient |
| 3 | **is a** | present | a way *not said here* | a crime |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Criminally means shockingly or very badly, as if it should be a crime: «criminally underrated».

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:criminally:m2:1
# text = Criminally means shockingly or very badly, as if it should be a crime: «criminally underrated».
1	Criminally	criminally	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	shockingly	shockingly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	very	very	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	badly	badly	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
8	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
9	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
11	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
12	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	cop	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	crime	crime	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
16	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	criminally	criminally	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
18	underrated	underrate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | criminally, shockingly *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** *a condition, not said to happen* | should | it | a crime |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **underrate** *in a quote* | participle |  | a crime *not said here* |  |  |  | criminally *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was found criminally responsible for the damage.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:criminally:x1:1
# text = He was found criminally responsible for the damage.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	criminally	criminally	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	responsible	responsible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	damage	damage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | past · passive |  | He |  |  |  | responsible *property* | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The company acted criminally when it dumped waste in the river.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:criminally:x2:1
# text = The company acted criminally when it dumped waste in the river.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	company	company	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	acted	act	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	criminally	criminally	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	dumped	dump	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
8	waste	waste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **act** | past | the company |  |  |  |  | criminally *property* | vn act-114-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **dump** | past | company | waste |  | the river |  |  | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent waste=Theme in river=Trajectory |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
That film is criminally underrated (informal).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:criminally:x3:1
# text = That film is criminally underrated (informal).
1	That	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	criminally	criminally	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	underrated	underrate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	informal	informal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **underrate** | present · passive |  | that film |  |  |  | criminally *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The owner was criminally careless with the fire exits.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:criminally:x4:1
# text = The owner was criminally careless with the fire exits.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	owner	owner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	criminally	criminally	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	careless	careless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	exits	exit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the owner |  |  |  |  | with the fire exits; careless, criminally *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In some countries, children under a certain age are not criminally responsible.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:criminally:x5:1
# text = In some countries, children under a certain age are not criminally responsible.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	3	det	_	_
3	countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
6	under	under	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	certain	certain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	age	age	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
10	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
12	criminally	criminally	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	responsible	responsible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | present |  |  |  | some countries and children under a certain age |  | criminally, responsible *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It's criminally unfair that we have homework on holiday! (joking)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* It's criminally unfair that we have homework on holiday!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:criminally:x6:1
# text = It's criminally unfair that we have homework on holiday!
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	criminally	criminally	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	unfair	unfair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
8	homework	homework	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	holiday	holiday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | criminally, unfair *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** | present | we | homework |  | holiday |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent homework=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (joking)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:criminally:x6:2
# text = (joking)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	joking	joke	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **joke** *speech: other* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn chit\_chat-37.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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