---
title: cripple — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «cripple» in the school dictionary: A person who cannot walk or use a part of the body properly; «disabled» is the kind word today. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# cripple

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** person, it, someone, blind man, storm, accident · **What happens:** not walk, use, be, damage, not work, make · **To what, where:** part, kind word, something, someone, fair, ship

<!-- .vabout -->
«cripple» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [cripple in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/cripple.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: old use, now seen as hurtful — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person who cannot walk or use a part of the body properly; «disabled» is the kind word today.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cripple:m1:1
# text = A person who cannot walk or use a part of the body properly; «disabled» is the kind word today.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nsubj	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
4	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	walk	walk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	acl:relcl	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	use	use	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	properly	properly	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	disabled	disabled	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	_
19	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	cop	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	kind	kind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
23	today	today	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	22	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **walk** | can | a person |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | infinitive | a person *not said here* | a part of the body |  |  |  | properly *property* | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent part=Patient |
| 3 | **is a** | present | a person | the kind word |  |  | today |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To damage something badly so it cannot work properly, or to make someone unable to move.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cripple:m2:1
# text = To damage something badly so it cannot work properly, or to make someone unable to move.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	damage	damage	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	advcl	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	badly	badly	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	2	advmod	_	_
5	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
7	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	work	work	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
10	properly	properly	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	advcl	_	_
15	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	14	obj	_	_
16	unable	unable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	xcomp	_	_
17	to	to	PART	TO	_	18	mark	_	_
18	move	move	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **damage** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  | badly *property* | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Patient |
| 2 | **not** **work** | can | it |  |  |  |  | properly *property* | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | someone |  |  |  | unable *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset someone=Product |
| 4 | **move** | to-infinitive | someone *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The blind man and the cripple went to the fair together.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cripple:x1:1
# text = The blind man and the cripple went to the fair together.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	blind	blind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	cripple	cripple	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
7	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	fair	fair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	together	together	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | the blind man and the cripple |  |  | the fair |  | together *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to fair=Initial\_Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A storm can cripple a ship.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cripple:x2:1
# text = A storm can cripple a ship.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	cripple	cripple	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	ship	ship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cripple** | can | a storm | a ship |  |  |  |  | vn orphan-29.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ship=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The accident crippled his left leg for a year.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cripple:x3:1
# text = The accident crippled his left leg for a year.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	accident	accident	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	crippled	cripple	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	left	left	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	leg	leg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cripple** | past | the accident | accident's left leg |  |  | year |  | vn orphan-29.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leg=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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